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Brazilian Endrick Sousa, at 15 Matching Neymar & Attracting Europe’s Leading Football Clubs

By Marcus Alves
BBC Sport
As Palmeiras and Oeste finished their warm-ups on 19 January, scouts from Barcelona, Arsenal, Liverpool, Manchester City, Southampton, Ajax and Benfica all took their seats ready for the quarter-finals of the Copa Sao Paulo, Brazil’s premier youth competition.

They were mostly there to watch Endrick Sousa. The 15-year-old striker had taken the under-21 tournament by storm, having scored four goals up to that point and making an even bigger impact than Brazil and Paris St-Germain star Neymar did at the same age.

Not even in their wildest dreams could they have anticipated, though, what they were about to see.

In the 13th minute the ball dropped behind the Palmeiras wonderkid and, without giving it much thought, he produced a bicycle kick from outside the box which dipped perfectly into the net.

“I think we might be seeing a very special talent emerging,” said Match of the Day presenter Gary Lineker.

All of a sudden, he was being compared to Brazil striking legend Ronaldo and some of the country’s other iconic attacking players.

Endrick did not stop there, going on to score in the 4-0 final win against Santos and was named the most valuable player of the Copinha, as the competition is affectionately known.

“I can’t recall any other player of his age in recent history doing what he did,” his advisor Frederico Pena, chief executive of TFM – the same sports agency who work with Real Madrid’s Vinicius Jr and Arsenal’s Gabriel Martinelli – told BBC Sport.

“The way he handled all the pressure was impressive because sometimes you see a kid having a great game and then struggling to maintain the same level of performance. That didn’t happen to him. Despite contracting Covid-19 during the campaign, he actually only got better.”

None of this came as a surprise, however, for those already familiar with a boy who, last year, featured for Palmeiras in the Sao Paulo State Championship finals in the under-15, under-17 and under-20 age groups.

Many back home wanted him included in the squad the South American champions have taken to the Club World Cup in the United Arab Emirates this month. But Portuguese coach Abel Ferreira ruled out any chance of Endrick making the trip and being involved in a potential meeting with Chelsea.

Regardless of that, it seems a matter of time before he plays at a higher level and, for him, time clearly moves faster.

Overcoming challenges on and off the pitch

Endrick’s father Douglas Sousa will never forget the day his son came to him asking for food back in their hometown of Brasilia – and he did not have any to give.

As Sousa cried, he heard Endrick promise he would become a footballer and improve things for them.

A natural-born talent, the young forward quickly got himself on the radar of Sao Paulo, but could not reach a deal as they were willing to offer a monthly allowance of only £25 to assist in the family’s move south.

It was at that stage, when Endrick was only 11, that rivals Palmeiras stepped up and sealed his signing.

“I had received a video of him playing in Brasilia and really liked what I saw, so I gave the OK for an offer that would allow them to rent an apartment in Sao Paulo,” said Joao Paulo Sampaio, Palmeiras’ youth football co-ordinator.

“And Endrick stood out from the very first moment. Soon after arriving, he scored a bicycle kick in the first-leg draw with Santos in the under-11 State Championship finals. Then, in the second leg with 22.000 home fans watching, he got the winner to secure the title. He’s like this. Each time we’ve challenged him, he’s responded.”

It was not so smooth for the Sousa family at their new home, though.

In his first six months in Sao Paulo, Endrick’s father remained unemployed and sold breakfast at the Barra Funda bus station

to make some money. A while after, he was offered a job as a cleaner by Palmeiras. Sometimes, he even had meals with first-team players, but would only eat soup. That intrigued goalkeeper Jailson, who found out Sousa had only seven teeth and paid for his dental treatment.

These struggles are now over, however. After Endrick’s recent success, the frontman’s father no longer works at the club.

More Romario than Ronaldo?

The front cover of Placar, featuring Endrick
Endrick is the cover star of this month’s Placar, the most popular sports magazine in Brazil

Despite his age, Brazil’s hottest prospect has impressed not only with his clinical finishing and nose for goal, but also with his dedication. Endrick already has eyes on the long term.

“We’ve got two examples in Vinicius Jr and Martinelli and we talk a lot about them, showing him what their daily routine is like, how they handled adversities and also took care of their bodies,” Pena said.

“It was very complicated for both of them to get where they are now. Vinicius went through difficult moments at Real Madrid, where after doing a lot of stuff and it seeming like he’d made it, he found himself out of matchday squads.

“Martinelli, too, may be back starting games again, but he spent almost a year at Arsenal without regular football. So we explain to him that it doesn’t matter if you’re a top-class player, you’ll still have to work twice as hard.

“He has this mentality and also does some work out of the club. Among other things, we pay special attention to his diet, For example, he used to have Toddynho [a popular ready-to-drink chocolate milk in Brazil] at breakfast and no longer does. He already has a fat percentage of a professional athlete.”

No-one doubts Endrick is Brazil’s next big thing – he has featured on the front page of Spanish newspaper Marca three times in a matter of weeks amid speculation linking him with Barca and Real Madrid.

When it comes to him, there seems to be only one concern among international scouts – his 5ft 6in (1.73m) stature.

“He doesn’t appear to be a player who will reach 5ft 9in (1.80m) in height, which would be the perfect prototype for a forward if we remember Ronaldo,” added Pena.

“He’ll be a shorter athlete, probably 5ft 7in to 5ft 8in tall. But considering that one of the country’s best strikers of all time was Romario and he was 5ft 4in tall, it’s safe to say he’ll be fine.”

For now, Endrick cannot play senior football or sign his first professional contract in Brazil until he turns 16 in July.

A lot of clubs will be eagerly awaiting that moment, even though Fifa rules mean he would not be able to move to Europe until he turns 18.

It is possible to reach an agreement with another team before that age, though, something Real Madrid did with Vinicius Jr when they announced in 2017 a 45m euro (£37.7m) deal to sign the forward, who joined them the following year.

Reports in Spain even suggest Real Madrid are prepared to match the fee they paid for Vinicius Jr to bring Endrick to Europe.

“There’s nothing much happening right now,” Pena said. “How would we be able to sell a player who can only leave in 2024?

“We’ve never seen someone negotiated two years before he can actually move, but obviously there’s a first time for everything and he can become the first one.”

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Winter Olympics 2022: Jamaica’s Bobsleigh Team Bids to Make History

A member of the Jamaican bobsleigh team says he hopes they can record the nation’s highest ever placing at a Winter Olympics.

Sheffield Hallam University student Ashley Watson is part of the four-man bobsleigh team competing in Beijing.

For the first time in 24 years a four-man crew will represent the nation, echoing the exploits of the 1988 team who inspired the film Cool Runnings.

Mr Watson said the team’s aim was to set records.

Jamaica’s debut was at the 1988 Games in Calgary, Canada.

The team, consisting of Devon Harris, Dudley Stokes, Michael White, and Nelson Stokes, crashed out of the event and carried their sled over the finish line, but captured the hearts of fans all over the world.

The 1993 film Cool Runnings was loosely based on their story.

Jamaica’s four-man bobsleigh team last qualified for the Winter Olympics held in Nagano, Japan, in 1998, finishing in 21st.

The team recorded its best placing of 14th at the Games in Lillehammer, Norway, in 1994.

“This would be a good benchmark to beat to become the best team in Jamaican history,” Mr Watson said, adding “there is no point entering a competition without thinking you can get a medal”.

Team training at facility at University of Bath
The team – dubbed the “hottest thing on ice” – fine-tuned the all-important start on a track at the University of Bath

Mr Watson, 28, who has recently completed his master’s degree in physiotherapy, acknowledged there would be huge interest from across the globe given the team’s popularity, but said he “didn’t feel too pressured” as the team had trained hard.

He said they had been particularly practising the all-important start at a facility at the University of Bath.

The current team – also made up of Matthew Wekpe, Nimroy Turgott and L/Cpl Shanwayne Stephens, who is a gunner based at RAF Northolt, west London – have done training ahead of the Games in the UK.

“I am very excited to race, the track is very impressive and I think we can do well,” Mr Watson added.

(L-R) Ashley Watson, Matthew Wekpe, Nimroy Turgott and Shanwayne Stephens
The present team includes (L-R) Ashley Watson, Matthew Wekpe, Nimroy Turgott and Shanwayne Stephens

He said he hoped the team could also play its part in “inspiring the next generation of Jamaican bobsleigh athletes”.

The four-man bobsleigh event begins on Saturday 19 February.

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Virus After-Effects, US Mask Mandate Loosens, Canada Vax Protests, White House Rethink

Post-Covid protection: what happens after you get the virus?

Viewing Omicron infection as a ‘natural booster’ which makes a third vaccine dose unnecessary is unwise, experts say.

Woman with temperature staying home wrapped in scarf and drinking hot tea
Infection offers protection against reinfection from Covid, but it is still unclear how long this protection lasts. Photograph: martin-dm/Getty Images

If I’ve been infected with Omicron, what is my risk of catching it, or another Covid variant, again?

It is now clear that it is possible to catch Covid more than once, including strains you have previously been infected with. It is also known that being infected with Covid-19 boosts your protection from reinfection. What is less clear is how long that extra protection against the same strain lasts – and whether it is as effective against other strains.

A small laboratory study published in December suggests one reason Omicron is replacing Delta is that being infected with Omicron offers a high level of protection against Delta, while the reverse is not true.

Dr Maria Van Kerkhove, the Covid-19 technical lead with the World Health Organization’s health emergencies program, said another reason for a sharp increase in Omicron cases in recent weeks was its potential for “immune escape”.

“This means people can be reinfected either if they had a previous infection, or if they’ve been vaccinated,” she said.

“Now you have to remember, vaccines are incredibly effective at preventing severe disease and death, but they don’t prevent all infections and they don’t prevent all onward transmission. So it is still absolutely critical to get vaccinated because it will save your life, but it doesn’t prevent all infections or transmission.”

How long could protection from infection last?

Kirby Institute virologist Associate Prof Stuart Turville said Omicron has only been around a couple of months so it was too early to estimate the risk of reinfection or how long any protection from an infection lasts.

Covid becoming endemic doesn’t mean it will be mild – or that there won’t be new variants.

“We can only base our answer on what we have observed in previous variants,” he said. “Several large studies from Qatar have looked at reinfections.”

A recent preprint from Qatar states: “Protection afforded by prior infection in preventing symptomatic reinfection with Alpha, Beta, or Delta is robust, at about 90%.

“While such protection against reinfection with Omicron is lower, it is still considerable at nearly 60%. Prior-infection protection against hospitalisation or death at reinfection appears robust, regardless of variant.”

How long this protection lasts is unclear and depends on factors including the number of vaccinations, whether you’re immune-suppressed, and the length of time since vaccination.

If I caught Delta last year and am also double-vaccinated am I safe from Omicron?

Turville said a complicating factor to immune response is the severity of any Covid-19 infection. His research team are examining people infected with Delta in late 2020 onwards to see how their antibodies hold-up post-vaccination.

“If you were infected and then vaccinated with two doses of either AstraZeneca or Pfizer, your response is very similar to three doses of Pfizer,” he said.

“But that’s assuming you have a decent response to the virus initially. If you have had an initial low response to the virus, your response will be driven more by the vaccine dose. As a broad brushstroke, if you had a mild case of Covid in 2020, your response will be relatively low. If you had a case that made you very sick, so high disease severity, you will have had a better response.

I’ve had two vaccine doses and I caught Covid. Do I really need a booster, and if so, how soon after infection?

There is no need to delay vaccination. Health guidelines state you can get a booster once you have fully recovered from the virus, which for most people is four-to-six weeks after infection. In the short-term boosters can further strengthen your protection up to 86% against reinfection and 98% against serious illness, NSW Health states.

The independent expert advisory group on vaccination, Atagi, says the same thing, and that “previous infection is not a contraindication to vaccination … vaccination can occur following recovery of acute illness from Covid-19”.

Atagi also decreased the maximum timeframe allowable for deferral of vaccination after Covid infection from six months to four months but suggests those with very severe Covid cases should check with their doctor. Atagi decreased the timeframe “due to the increased risk of re-infection with the Omicron variant, particularly for those who had a Delta variant infection in 2021,” the guidelines state.

Turville said viewing Omicron as a “natural booster” making a third vaccine dose unnecessary was unwise.

“That exercise is an uncontrolled experiment where you will have no control of the dosage, or in other words the level of viral infection, and thus the outcome,” he said. “Vaccination is a set dosage that is safe with a predictable response in most people.”

I’m triple-vaccinated and caught Covid. How soon after recovering can I catch Covid again?

rows of vaccine vials
World better protected against Covid if rich nations donated 50% of vaccines to low-income countries

“It is a great question but one we will likely only know in the next few months,” Turville said. “In brief, we do not know as the numbers of people in that setting are on the low side and it will take a while to study in cohorts where people have volunteered for researchers to follow their response. The other issue is this will change with future variants.”

I’ve just recovered from Covid and finished isolating, and I’m vaccinated. I’m now a close-contact of someone with Covid. Do I really need to isolate again?

The advice is similar in each state and territory.

In Victoria, if a recently recovered Covid-19 case becomes a close contact of a confirmed case, they do not need to quarantine again if the re-exposure was less than 30 days since the recovered case’s onset of symptoms, or since their first positive test if they had no symptoms.

In the ACT, if you are identified as a household or high-risk close contact, or a moderate risk casual contact within four weeks of your clearance from isolation, you do not need to isolate again.

The ACT advice states if you have recovered from Covid while there is still someone in your household who has it, you can leave the house, but must separate from other people with Covid-19 in the household as much as possible and observe hand hygiene, mask wearing and social distancing as per public health advice.

Queensland Health advice states that you are not a close contact if you have had Covid-19 in the past four weeks.

It is best to check with your state or territory health department if you are unsure, and for definitions of “close contact”, which have changed over time.

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US: Experts open door to lifting mask rules

© Getty Images

As the spike in coronavirus cases caused by the omicron variant wanes, some experts say it is time to start lifting more restrictions, setting up a heated debate, particularly over mask mandates in schools.

People are exhausted with the pandemic after roughly two years, and health advocates warn that pandemic rules cannot last forever.

“We cannot remain in a perpetual state of emergency,” said Leana Wen, a public health professor at George Washington University. “People burn out.”

Many aspects of life have already returned to something like normal. Bars and restaurants are open and packed across the country, and countless travel restrictions have been lifted.

But some locations, including New York and Washington, D.C., still have mask mandates for the general public, and in schools, mask requirements are more common.

Key protection from vaccines: Vaccinations remain as the key source of protection. People who are vaccinated and boosted have strong protection against severe disease, even if there is still a chance they get mild illness.

Wen noted that school-age children 5 and up can now all be vaccinated.

MULTIPLE PEOPLE ARRESTED AT ‘FREEDOM CONVOY’ PROTESTS

Canadian authorities have arrested multiple people in Ottawa who were part of a “Freedom Convoy” protesting COVID-19 vaccine mandates.

In a statement Sunday, the Ottawa Police Service (OPS) said it has launched 60 criminal investigations from the protests, stemming from mischief, property crimes and thefts all the way to hate crimes.

According to The Washington Post, Ottawa Police said they have made seven arrests in relation to property damage and other acts of “mischief” as of Sunday evening.

Police also said that multiple vehicles and fuel have been seized during the protests, according to the statement.

Authorities also issued more than 500 tickets over the weekend for notices such as “excessive honking” and seat belt violations, the Post reported.

“More than 100 Highway Traffic Act and other Provincial Offence Notices were issued including excessive honking, driving the wrong way, defective muffler, no seat belt, alcohol readily available and having the improper class of driving licence,” OPS said in its statement.

AUSTRALIA TO REOPEN BORDERS TO VACCINATED VISITORS

Australia plans to reopen its borders for vaccinated international tourists within two weeks, The Associated Press reported.

In a statement on Monday, Prime Minister Scott Morrison said he and his Cabinet have agreed to reopen the border for vaccinated individuals on Feb. 21.

Morrison referred in his statement to last month’s controversy surrounding Serbian tennis star Novak Djokovic, who was deported by Australian authorities due to not being vaccinated against the coronavirus that causes COVID-19.

“Events earlier in the year should have sent a very clear message, I think, to everyone around the world that that is the requirement to enter into Australia,” Morrison said.

Since March 2020, Australia has imposed some of the world’s toughest virus restrictions on its citizens, while limiting foreign travelers to skilled immigrants and some seasonal workers.

When its borders reopen later this month, Home Affairs Minister Karen Andrews said visitors can also apply for a travel exemption if they prove a medical reason why they could not be vaccinated, according to the AP.

White House gets set for cautious pivot

© Getty Images

The White House is preparing to pivot on the pandemic — but with a different approach than the July 4 celebration last summer that some have subsequently criticized as premature.

At the Independence Day event, President Biden declared near “independence” from COVID-19.

What followed were the delta and omicron variants, which caused spikes in cases and hospitalizations, contributing to the COVID-19 fatigue that has been a factor in declining approval numbers for President Biden.

The omicron variant is showing signs of fading: Coronavirus cases are on the decline across the country. The White House is signaling that the new phase is about being able to live with the virus.

But there is caution in Democratic circles after the bad turns from last summer and fall.

What’s next: Biden administration officials haven’t said much publicly about their plans and have made clear they’re still focused on ushering the country through the current surge of the pandemic.

It’s also unclear whether or when Biden himself plans to outline the way forward in the pandemic. White House officials and health experts say the country still has some time before reaching some kind of “new normal.”

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Nevis: St. James Primary School Receives Equipment Donation from Butlers Association

A group of civic-minded persons of the St. James Parish on Nevis has donated equipment to the St. James Primary School during a brief handing over ceremony at the school’s library on February 04, 2022.

During a short but significant event, six bean bags were presented to the school’s deputy principal Ms. Chrislin Jeffers by the Butlers Enhancement and Improvement Association through its secretary Ms. Regan Jeffers to enhance the student’s learning experience.

“The St. James Primary School as you know, is not only a part of the community but is the main institution of the delivery of primary education and training. As such the association strongly believes that we need to continue to contribute and give back to the educational and academic needs of the St. James Primary students…

The six bean bag chairs… creates a much more comfortable and user-friendly learning environment for the students when they are using the library,” she said.

Ms. Jeffers assured that moving forward there would be other donations to improve and enhance the school in keeping with one of its goals.

She said when the 40-member association was established in 2021, as a non-profit organisation, its main goal was to give back to their community in all areas of life including education.

In response to the gift, the deputy principal thanked the association for the kind gesture on behalf of the school’s principal, staff and students.

“[We] would like to extend gratitude to the Butlers Enhancement and Improvement Association for this generous donation of bean bags to our school’s library.

“The students are excited to use them, and we can assure you they will be put to good use. We commend your efforts and again say a hearty thank you for your contribution,” she said.

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Nevis: Permit Needed Ahead of Plant Material Importation

NIA CHARLESTOWN NEVIS– The following is a notice from the Ministry of Agriculture in the Nevis Island Administration (NIA) regarding the importation of plant material.

The general public, in particular businesses who will be preparing for Valentine’s Day and other events, are hereby reminded that you are required to obtain an Import Permit from the Department of Agriculture before placing an order to import plant material. 

Imported live plants, cut flowers and branches, seeds and produce require an Import Permit from the Department and a Phytosanitary Certificate from the country of export in order to be permitted entry.

Please visit or contact the Plant Quarantine Unit in the Department of Agriculture (St. Kitts) at 467-1826 or Department of Agriculture (Nevis) at 469-5521 ext. 6511 for more information.

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Woman fighting for life after stolen vehicle slams into Brisbane house

Police are on the hunt for four men who are believed to have crashed a stolen car through a Brisbane home, critically injuring a 17-year-old girl.

Investigators believe the men left the dying teenager next to the destroyed Lexus which rammed the home around 11.20 last night, before fleeing the scene in another suspected stolen vehicle.

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https://twitter.com/JordanFabris9/status/1490926674614972419

Men believed to be the suspects were then spotted at a service station in Coopers Plains hours later, stealing cigarettes before abandoning a stolen Audi.

Parts of the home on Gowan Road in Sunnybank Hills were reduced to rubble.

The 17-year-old girl was transported to Princess Alexandra Hospital in Brisbane with critical injuries.

A portion of the Sunnybank Hills house was destroyed after the stolen vehicle crashed into it.

Queensland Police said part of the house has been left "on the verge of collapse".

"Early information indicates the stolen Lexus was being driven on Hellawell Road at about 11.20pm when the vehicle left the roadway, through the intersection with Gowan Road and collided with a house," they wrote in a statement.

"Four males fled the scene in another car which was travelling with the Lexus and also believed to be stolen.

"Investigators urge anyone with information about the crash, knowledge about the occupants of the car or dashcam footage from the area to contact police."

The house was left on the 'verge of collapse' after a stolen Lexus slammed into it.

No one was inside the house at the time of the accident.

The Lexus was stolen from a Kuraby house on Sunday afternoon, police said.

The Forensic Crash Unit is investigating and anyone with information is urged to contact Crime Stoppers on 1800 333 000.

Murder trial defence argues NT police officer trained to respond to scissors with a gun

WARNING: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander readers are warned the following article contains images of deceased persons.

A jury has been shown a photo of the scissors used by Kumanjayi Walker to stab a Northern Territory police officer before he fired the first of three fatal gunshots at the 19-year-old in 2019.

Constable Zachary Rolfe is accused of murdering Warlpiri man Kumanjayi Walker during an attempted arrest in Yuendumu – a remote community 300 kilometres northwest of Alice Springs – in November 2019.

Today the jury were also shown a picture of the wound left on Mr Rolfe's left shoulder, which his lawyer David Edwardson QC described as "close to Constable Rolfe's neck".

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The scissors Constable Zachary Rolfe was stabbed with.

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In his opening address, Mr Edwardson told the jury of six women and eight men that his client responded in the way he had been trained as a member of the NT Police Force.

"On the defence case, he was taught, trained and drilled … that an edged weapon equals a gun," he told the court.

He said that concept would loom large and ripple through almost all of the witnesses called to the stand throughout the trial.

"When Constable Zachary Rolfe discharged his firearm three times into the body of Kumanjayi Walker, on each and every occasion he was acting in good faith," Mr Edwardson said.

He was acting in the reasonable performance of his duties and he was acting in the self-defence of himself and his partner, Constable First Class Adam Eberl."

Prosecutor Philip Strickland SC told the jury the crown's case rests solely on the second and third shots fired.

"The situation had changed dramatically from the first shot," Mr Strickland said.

Constable Zachary Rolfe was stabbed in the shoulder before he shot Kumanjayi Walker.

"By the time the accused shot Kumanjayi Walker the second time, Walker was pinned beneath Constable Eberl and a thin foam mattress."

"There was no legal justification for his action."

But Mr Rolfe's lawyer disagreed.

"On the defence case, Kumanjayi Walker was at all relevant times deploying or attempting to deploy the scissors against Constable Eberl," Mr Edwardson said.

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Constable Zachary Rolfe has been charged with murder.

"Constable Eberl did not, contrary to the prosecution position, have control of Kumanjayi Walker."

Mr Rolfe's barrister concluded his opening address by urging the jury to keep an open mind throughout the trial, adding this was not a case about emotion.

"It's a case in which the intellect has to rule the heart," he said.

Ute nearly hits swimmers as it ploughs into Queensland lagoon

Police in Queensland are looking to speak to witnesses who saw a ute plough into a lagoon entrance metres from swimmers on Saturday.

The Nissan Patrol appeared to accelerate at speed into the lagoon water crossing on Ocean Beach on Bribie Island about 10.30am.

Video footage shows swimmers diving out of the way of the ute, which immediately became submerged in the water.

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The ute ploughed into the lagoon at speed, forcing swimmers to jump for safety.

The footage shows people trying in vain to push the ute out of the water, as waves washed above the windscreen.

"Members of the public are reminded of the changing nature of the conditions on the northern end of Bribie Island," Queensland police said in a statement.

"Due to recent weather conditions there has seen a cutting off of the Northern tip of the island beyond the Lions Park at certain tides and times.

The Nissan Patrol immediately became submerged by the waves.

"Members of the public are reminded this cutting changes with the tidal and weather conditions and can become impassable."

Police are calling for the swimmers nearly hit by the Patrol, or any other witnesses, to come forward.

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If you have information for police, contact Policelink by providing information using the online suspicious activity form 24 hours a day. You can report crime information anonymously via Crime Stoppers on 1800 333 000 or report online.

New spinal cord stimulation study allows paralysed man to walk again

Michel Roccati lost the ability to walk after a motorcycle accident in 2017, when he had a complete spinal cord injury.

But today, equipped with an electrode device implanted on his spinal cord, Roccati can enjoy the simple things again: standing at a bar for drinks with friends, taking a shower without a chair and even strolling through the town with a walker.

"I am free," Mr Roccati, who is from Italy, said. "I can walk wherever I want to."

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New spinal cord stimulation study allows paralysed man to walk again

Mr Roccati was one of three men between the ages of 29 and 41 to participate in the STIMO clinical trial, led by Dr Jocelyne Bloch from Lausanne University Hospital and Grégoire Courtine of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. The results of the study were published Monday in the journal Nature Medicine.

The participants had 16-electrode devices implanted in the epidural space, an area between the vertebrae and the spinal cord membrane. The electrodes receive currents from a pacemaker implanted under the skin of the abdomen.

All the patients in the trial had a complete loss of voluntary movement below their injuries. Two also had a complete loss of sensation. But with the devices in place, the researchers could use a tablet computer to initiate unique sequences of electrical pulses, sent to the epidural electrodes via the pacemaker, to activate the participants' muscles.

New spinal cord stimulation study allows paralysed man to walk again

Other studies have anecdotally seen movement soon after surgery to implant similar devices, but this is the first study to report that all participants independently could take steps on a treadmill just a day after surgery, the researchers said.

"It's a very emotional moment, because [patients] realise they can step," Dr Bloch said.

Researchers have been looking into electrical stimulation to the spinal cord for three decades. This study redesigned technology originally used to alleviate pain to target spinal nerve roots.

Previous studies out of the University of Louisville have shown that people who were completely paralysed but still had sensation could walk again with several months of rehabilitation through electrical stimulation to the spinal cord.

The STIMO trial found that within a week of their surgeries, all three participants could walk independently with the use of body-weight support from parallel bars and an overhead harness.

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Paralysed men walk again stimulation trial

"For the first time, we have not only immediate effect – though training is still important – but also individuals with no sensation, no movement whatsoever, have been able to regain full standing and walking independently of the laboratory," Mr Courtine told CNN.

Dr Nandan Lad, a neurosurgeon at Duke University, said this "very exciting work gives a new treatment option for tens of thousands of patients that have spinal cord injury and don't really have other options."

Dr Lad is leading a clinical trial in this area of research in the US and was not involved in the new study.

The Swiss team has been able to observe immediate results through important changes in the structure and implantation of their electrode device.

The electrode array used in the STIMO trial, made by Onward Medical, is wider and longer than the array most commonly used in similar studies.

According to Bloch, this new electrode array allows access to a broader area of the spinal cord to stimulate both trunk and leg muscles.

The investigators developed an algorithm to optimally place the electrode array, running tests during the surgery to measure muscle activity after delivering pulses. The precise neurosurgical placement of the electrodes is key to the study's ability to stimulate the necessary muscle groups in the legs so quickly, Dr Lad said.

The STIMO trial also introduces a new method for initiating and sustaining movement. To begin stimulation, previous studies have relied on participants' intent to move and the brain signals that follow.

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New spinal cord stimulation study allows paralysed man to walk again

In the new study, a timed sequence of stimulations is generated using motor responses to different jolts of electricity. These pre-established sequences trigger movement and attempt to mimic the natural pattern of muscle activation needed to walk.

Susan Harkema, a professor in the Department of Neurological Surgery who led the Louisville studies, said it's encouraging to know that two types of stimulation can generate movement patterns through human spinal circuitry, indicating that some function is retained, even with complete injuries.

"But I don't think we have enough evidence yet to know the best way to stimulate for the best outcomes," Ms Harkema told CNN.

With the STIMO device, people with complete spinal cord injury can regain voluntary movement in their legs only while receiving stimulation. While the device is off, voluntary movement will not be possible. The electrodes can remain in place for life, but the pacemaker needs to be replaced every nine years.

But with training, patients can build up greater endurance and do a wider range of activities. After the surgery, the study participants received one or two hours of physical therapy four times a week.

With three or four months of consistent training, one participant could stand for two hours at a time. Another could walk 500 meters independently. One participant even climbed stairs again.

The tablet used in the study comes equipped with specific programs coded for certain types of activity, including standing, walking, and swimming.

"The more they train, the more they achieve, so they need the motivation to be able to stand a long time," Dr Bloch said of the participants' progress.

Mr Courtine and Dr Bloch now plan to work with Onward Medical to make the device more user-friendly for everyday use, such as integrating the program with mobile phones or smartwatches.

Next, the team is looking to scale up to a larger clinical trial in the US. They estimate that it will take another three or four years for the technology to become commercially available.

New spinal cord stimulation study puts people with paralysis on their feet again

In a press briefing last week, the researchers announced that the US Food and Drug Administration has approved a "breakthrough devices" designation to expedite the process.

This designation would also ensure coverage through the Medicare Coverage of Innovative Technology program if larger clinical trials are successful.

"I think [this research] should be a call for all of us to understand that there is hope for the treatment of these patients," said Dr Nicholas Theodore, director of the Johns Hopkins Neurosurgical Spine Centre, who was not involved in the research.

"I think the hope right now is going to be through an engineering solution and less so than cellular reparative strategy."