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Brave family help save teen shark attack victims

A Victorian family have been hailed as heroes after saving two teenagers from a shark attack at a beach on Geelong's south-east coast.

Peter and Dianne Hobbs were at the Ocean Grove beach with their children James and Ella yesterday when they saw the girl and boy in distress just after 7pm.

Mr Hobbs was teaching his daughter to surf when the teens started struggling nearby.

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"We just initially thought they were playing, and before long they started yelling out that they had been bitten by a shark," Mr Hobbs told Today.

"We were still in a state of disbelief, but we just went into action stations really."

Ms Hobbs is a trauma nurse and was able to get medical help to the injured pair as soon as they were helped out of the water.

"Initially we were able to tourniquet her leg," Ms Hobbs said.

"She had a large bite mark to her right lower leg, below the knee and one to her right hand as well and the man had one to his back as well."

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Mr Hobbs called an ambulance while lifesavers helped Ms Hobbs treat the teens.

The Victorian father said their children also helped treat the teens who were in a state of shock after the frightening event.

"Everyone just worked really well, James and Ella grabbed towels, we were able to stem the blood flow just through the use of towels," Mr Hobbs said.

"The ambulances didn't take very long to get here too which was really fantastic.

"Everyone was like a team. I think this is a huge example of where the community just rallies around and just does it."

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The victims were taken in a stable condition from the Bellarine Peninsula beach to Geelong Hospital.

https://twitter.com/ChristineAhern/status/1467935315079827458

Ambulance Victoria confirmed the girl suffered lower-body injuries, while the boy only suffered minor injuries.

Mr Hobbs earlier posted on social media about the incident, writing that he and his family were in "the right place at the right time".

"We could see them splashing but didn't know what was happening. We didn't see the shark, just the splash, but we heard the cries and our family mobilised."

"Tonight we went for a leisurely paddle at Ocean Grove beach and while we were in the water a couple of teenagers near us got attacked by a shark," Salvation Army captain Peter Hobbs posted to Facebook, describing it as "the right place at the right time".

A warning posted to the VicEmergency site said a "shark incident" was reported at Ocean Grover at 7.20pm on Sunday with a shark having been sighted within 500 metres of the beach.

State MP for Lara John Eren also noted the attack, saying he hoped everyone involved was okay.

Mr Hobbs said his daughter, Ella, had been planning to surf in the same spot on Monday.

The beach at Ocean Grove has closed, with lifesavers on jetskis patrolling.

Locals relied on Mark in lockdown. Then he needed their help

As Australia's third wave of COVID-19 hit and Greater Sydney went into lockdown this year, one of the very few people residents in Albion Park saw regularly was their local delivery driver Mark Faulkner.

Mark had been an Albion Park fixture for years, faithfully delivering packages to homes and businesses in the Wollongong suburb on the NSW south coast.

"You know it's Mark almost before he even arrives," local Angela Butler tells 9news.com.au.

Locals have all rushed to help Mark after hearing of his cancer diagnosis. He is pictured here receiving a fruit and vegetable box from Box Divvy Calderwood Honeybee.

"That's because when he pulls up there will be music blaring from his car – anything from Metallica to ACDC."

READ MORE: Brave family help save teen shark attack victims

"And he's so friendly, just from the minute you open the door.

"I've never seen him in anything but a beautiful, happy mood. He is always just lovely and will have a chat.

"Everybody loves him.

"I've heard people say, 'I've moved from Albion Park and the only thing I miss is Mark'."

During lockdown, Mark's visits were highly anticipated, with families saying their kids would wait by the window when their favourite delivery guy was due to come, just so they could talk to him.

Then, something unexpected happened, and Mark's visits suddenly became few and far between.

It was on one of Mark's increasingly rare shifts that Ms Butler's mother, who also lives in Albion Park, found out their delivery driver had been diagnosed with an aggressive form of cancer.

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A tumour on Mark's bladder required several operations and rounds of chemotherapy.

As a contractor, Mark had no sick leave entitlements and was still trying to make ends meet – cutting back to working two days a week on a low wage.

Ms Butler was working from home at the time, having just had surgery herself to remove a brain tumour.

The pair swapped stories and unloaded their health burdens to each other.

"He was just telling me how difficult it's been at the moment, financially difficult as well as with his health," Ms Butler said.

"His car was up for rego, and that's his livelihood, but he couldn't afford to pay the fees.

"I just felt really sorry for him. I knew how he felt in a lot of ways, but I was lucky, I still had money coming in, whereas he didn't."

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Angela Butler was also recovering from a brain tumour at the same time Mark fell ill, and offered to lend him a helping hand.

Ms Butler offered to set up an online fundraiser to help Mark out.

Neither of them expected the response it would get.

"Originally, I only asked for $1,000 because I was hoping to get his car expenses out of the way, and then it just went crazy," Ms Butler said.

In less than two weeks, the community has raised almost $15,000 for Mark.

Offers have also come flooding in from locals wanting to help Mark by cleaning his home, baking dinners for him or anything else he might need, Ms Butler said.

"Mark is just absolutely astounded, he's so overwhelmed."

"Today, he was running late on his deliveries because he feels that he has to stop and say thank you to everybody."

Ms Butler said she loved the way her community had embraced Mark.

"When he first started delivering, some people were a bit wary of him because they thought he looked a bit rough.

"Now, it's like he's the superstar of the community.

"It just shows how, if you actually take the time and give someone a chance, they could end up being the nicest person in the universe."

Contact reporter Emily McPherson at em********@******om.au.

Hawaii facing 'catastrophic flooding'

The Hawaiian Islands could experience "catastrophic flooding" from a storm system lasting until Tuesday, according to the National Weather Service in Honolulu.

Nearly one foot of rain (300mm) has already fallen in Kula on Maui over the last 24 hours, according to the National Weather Service (NWS) in Honolulu.

Rainfall storm total amounts of 10 to 15 inches (254mm to 381mm) are anticipated, with isolated areas of 20 to 25 inches (508mm to 635mm) possible, the NWS said.

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On the Big Island, eight inches (203mm) of rain have fallen in the past 24 hours in multiple locations. Rainfall is beginning to wind down as of early Monday morning (local time).

However, heavy rain is still forecast to fall across Maui, Oahu, and Kauai throughout the day on Monday. A flash flood warning has been issued for the islands of Molokai and Maui.

"Localised rainfall rates of two to three inches (51mm to 76mm) per hour will exacerbate ongoing flooding from earlier rainfall. Portions of leeward Maui have received over six inches (152mm) of rain over the past six hours, and runoff remains high," NWS Honolulu said.

READ MORE: Brave family help save teen shark attack victims

Landslides are expected and in some cases, highways may be closed due to flooding and landslides, potentially cutting off communities.

A flood watch remains in effect through Tuesday afternoon local time for all Hawaii Islands. A 'Kona low' is responsible for pulling deep tropical moisture over the state bringing with it large bands of heavy rain.

"Rain events of this size can cause catastrophic flooding and affect areas that do not usually flood. Low spots in roads will become dangerous and impassable due to severe runoff. Debris in streams and gulches may clog bridges and culverts resulting in dangerous flooding," according to the NWS.

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"Numerous landslides are expected in areas with steep terrain. Urban areas, especially on Oahu, may have severe flooding. Isolated highways, such as the Belt Highway in the Big Island's Kau District, and Piilani Highway on Maui, may be closed in one or more locations, resulting in long detours or even the isolation of communities."

Public schools in Hawaii's Maui County are closed Monday because of the potential for flooding.

"Parts of Maui County are already experiencing flash flooding and power outages, causing unsafe conditions," Hawaii Public Schools said Sunday evening.

Blizzard warnings remained in effect over the weekend for mountain summits on the Big Island, where high winds and winter weather temporarily closed access to the summit on Mauna Loa last week.

"A Winter Weather Advisory was issued this morning for the summits of Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa on the Big Island above 12,000 feet (3.65km) elevation and will remain in effect through 6pm HST," the NWS said.

Epstein accuser says Maxwell had her wear 'schoolgirl' outfit

A woman who has accused Jeffrey Epstein of sexual abuse has testified in the US that Ghislaine Maxwell set up their meetings and spoke often about sexual topics – including Epstein's carnal needs.

Warning: This story contains details which some readers will find distressing.

"She said that he needed to have sex about three times a day," the woman told the court.

The woman, testifying under the pseudonym "Kate," took the stand Monday morning (local time) to start the second week of Maxwell's federal trial on charges including sex trafficking of minors.

LIVE UPDATES: Aussie Bitcoin pioneer to keep $71 billion stash

Kate is not considered a minor victim in the charges because she was over the age of consent at the time of the alleged abuse, but jurors were still allowed to consider her testimony, Judge Alison Nathan ruled.

Kate testified she first met Maxwell when she was 17 through her older boyfriend while on a trip to Paris. Maxwell invited her for tea at her London townhome a few weeks later and told Kate about her "philanthropist" boyfriend Epstein, who Maxwell thought would help Kate with her aspiring music career.

"I understood that her job was to take care of Jeffrey's needs," Kate said.

"I left there feeling exhilarated.

"Like somebody wanted me."

READ MORE: Brave family help save teen shark attack victims

Weeks later, Maxwell invited Kate to the townhome again to meet Epstein, pushing her to accept the invitation with a sense of "urgency," she recalled.

There, Maxwell told her to give Epstein's foot a little "squeeze" to show him how strong she was despite her small frame, Kate testified. Epstein approved of the foot massage and also had her massage his shoulders.

A couple of weeks later, Maxwell called Kate to ask whether she would do her "a favour" and come give Epstein a massage with her "strong hands," despite having no massage therapy experience.

Maxwell led Kate upstairs in her townhome to a bedroom where Epstein stood in a robe, gave Kate massage oil, and closed the door behind her.

Kate testified Epstein disrobed and initiated a sex act with her. Shortly after this incident, Maxwell called her back to the house and told her it's hard to keep up with his needs, Kate testified.

"She said, 'I'm so glad you're here. You did such a good job last time (that) he wanted you to come back,'" Kate said.

This time Epstein was standing fully naked when Maxwell brought her to the same room and closed the door behind her. "Have a good time," she recalled Maxwell saying as she left the room. Maxwell also asked her whether she'd "had fun" after both sexualized massage encounters, Kate said.

Maxwell's trial, which began last week, has alternated between harrowing testimony from minor victims and illuminating testimony about some of Epstein's connections to high-profile figures such as Donald Trump, Bill Clinton and Prince Andrew. None are alleged to have committed wrongdoing in relation to the ongoing trial.

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A long-time pilot for Jeffrey Epstein told a jury on Tuesday (local time) at Ghislaine Maxwell's sex trafficking trial that he never saw evidence of sexual activity on planes as he flew his boss and others — including a prince and ex-presidents — for nearly three decades.

Indeed, Kate testified that Maxwell would talk about her friends Prince Andrew and Trump around her.

Epstein, who pleaded guilty in 2008 to state prostitution charges, was indicted on federal sex trafficking charges in July 2019 but died by suicide in prison a month later. Maxwell, Epstein's confidante, was arrested a year afterward and has pleaded not guilty.

In opening statements of her trial, prosecutors said Maxwell and Epstein created a "pyramid scheme of abuse" to lure underage girls into sexual relationships with Epstein. Her defense, meanwhile, said she was a "scapegoat" for Epstein's actions and attacked the memories and motivations of the women who say they were sexually abused.

Maxwell said Epstein needed sex three times a day

In her testimony, Kate testified she traveled at Epstein's expense several times to New York; Palm Beach, Florida; and Little St James in the US Virgin Islands, where Epstein had property. Maxwell would inform her of the travel arrangements, she said.

During a visit to the Palm Beach residence when she was about 18, she said, a "school girl" outfit – a pleated skirt, white panties, white socks and a shirt – was left on her bed. When she asked Maxwell what it was for, she recalled, Maxwell said, "I thought it would be fun for you to take Jeffrey his tea in this outfit."

"I didn't know how to say no," she said. She thought she might be forced to leave if she said no, Kate testified.

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She carried a tray while wearing the outfit to Epstein, who she recalled was working out with a trainer in the gym near the pool. Epstein initiated and engaged in a sex act with her there when the trainer left, she said.

Kate also recalled photos of nude young girls scattered throughout the Palm Beach home in almost every room. "I remember that they were shocking," she recalled.

She testified that Maxwell invited her to Epstein's private island to give him massages.

Maxwell spoke of sexual topics often with Kate, asking her whether she knew any other girls who could give Epstein oral sex.

"She said that he needed to have sex about three times a day," Kate said.

"You know what he likes – cute, young, (and) pretty like you," Maxwell told her, according to her testimony.

She never recruited other females of any age for Epstein despite the request, she testified. She did recall seeing a thin blonde girl who she thought was around her age, 17, on one of those occasions.

Kate received millions in settlement fund

Kate acknowledged in court she had a substance use problem with cocaine, alcohol and sleeping pills in her late teens and early 20s. She testified the abuse has not affected her memory and that she was required not to take drugs or be drunk around Maxwell and Epstein.

She was about 24 when she last traveled with Maxwell and Epstein, but she continued contact with Epstein through her early 30s, she testified.

"I did not want to admit what had happened to me and I felt that by ceasing communication I would have to acknowledge the events that had taken place and I would have to say something," she said.

"I was also fearful of disengaging because I had witnessed how connected they both were and I was fearful."

Kate has been cooperating with law enforcement since they first contacted her in 2019, she said. She said she's testifying under pseudonym despite making public appearances in the media previously because she has a child she doesn't want to subject to the attention around the case.

"I have a huge amount of humiliation and shame around the events that took place," she said.

Kate acknowledged receiving a $3.25 million ($4.61 million) settlement with the Epstein Victim Compensation Program.

Wet weather, storms to drench south-eastern parts of Australia

Wet weather is forecast for south-eastern parts of the country today with showers expected to drizzle throughout the afternoon.

According to the Bureau of Meteorology, a trough is moving to the western slopes and plains of New South Wales today, bringing showers and thunderstorms through Sydney and many eastern parts of the state.

The BoM has warned some of the storms may become severe, with people urged to stay on top of the latest warnings.

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https://twitter.com/BOM_NSW/status/1467963424680431629

Storms and rain are expected to hit Canberra and the wider ACT this evening.

"It's looking we could see some pretty wet weather in SE Australia over the coming days – including Canberra and the wider ACT," the BoM said.

"It could be a good idea to keep an eye on warnings over the coming days."

This year, Australia experienced its wettest November since records began.

The BoM said wet weather would continue to accumulate over the next seven days across eastern, northern and central parts of the country.

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https://twitter.com/BOM_ACT/status/1467963048082251776

Showers are forecast in Melbourne throughout the day, before easing later this afternoon.

Cairns is expecting a few showers but plenty of sunny breaks, with a possible shower for Brisbane.

In Adelaide, it will be cloudy with a top of 20 degrees. While Perth is set to heat up with a scorching 37 degrees forecast today.

Storms are also expected to rip through the Top End, with a top of 32 degrees forecast for Darwin.

Aussie who claims to have invented Bitcoin keeps $71b crypto fortune

Craig Wright, an Australian computer scientist who claims to be the inventor of Bitcoin, prevailed in a US civil trial verdict Monday against the family of a deceased business partner that claimed it was owed half of a cryptocurrency fortune worth tens of billions.

A Florida jury found that Dr Wright did not owe half of 1.1 million Bitcoin to the family of David Kleiman. The jury did award US$100 million ($142 million) in intellectual property rights to a joint venture between the two men, a fraction of what Mr Kleiman's lawyers were asking for at trial.

"This was a tremendous victory for our side," said Andres Rivero of Rivero Mestre LLP, the lead lawyer representing Dr Wright.

LIVE UPDATES: Aussie Bitcoin pioneer to keep $71 billion stash

At the centre of the trial were 1.1 million Bitcoin, worth approximately US$50 billion ($71.03 billion) based on Monday's prices.

These were among the first Bitcoin to be created through mining and could only be owned by a person or entity involved with the digital currency from its beginning — such as Bitcoin's creator, Satoshi Nakamoto.

Now the cryptocurrency community will be looking to see if Dr Wright follows through on his promise to prove he is the owner of the Bitcoin in question. Doing so would lend credence to Dr Wright's claim, first made in 2016, that he is Nakamoto.

The case tried in federal court in Miami was highly technical, with the jury listening to explanations of the intricate workings of cryptocurrencies as well as the murky origins of how Bitcoin came to be.

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Jurors took a full week to deliberate, repeatedly asking questions of lawyers on both sides as well as the judge on how cryptocurrencies work as well as the business relationship between the two men. At one point the jurors signalled to the judge that they were deadlocked.

Bitcoin's origins have always been a bit of a mystery, which is why this trial has drawn so much attention from outsiders.

In October 2008 during the height of the financial crisis, a person named "Satoshi Nakamoto" published a paper laying out a framework for a digital currency that would not be tied to any legal or sovereign authority.

Mining for the currency, which involves computers solving mathematical equations, began a few months later.

The name Nakamoto, roughly translated from Japanese to mean "at the centre of," was never considered to be the real name of Bitcoin's creator. Some in the cryptocurrency community do not even believe Nakamoto was a single individual.

READ MORE: 'Right place at the right time': Rescuers save teens from shark attack

Hype around bitcoin is building again, with a financial tool that could boost public exposure to the digital currency poised to make its debut this week.

Dr Wright's claim that he is Nakamoto has been met with scepticism from a sizeable portion of the cryptocurrency community. Due to its structure, all transactions of Bitcoin are public and the 1.1 million Bitcoins in question have remained untouched since their creation.

Members of the Bitcoin community have regularly called for Dr Wright to move just a fraction of the coins into a separate account to prove ownership and show that he truly is as wealthy as he claims.

During the trial, both Dr Wright and other cryptocurrency experts testified under oath that Dr Wright owns the Bitcoins in question. Dr Wright said he would prove his ownership if he were to win at trial.

David Kleiman died in April 2013 at the age of 46. Led by his brother Ira Kleiman, his family has claimed David Kleiman and Dr Wright were close friends and co-created Bitcoin through a partnership.

Mr Kleiman's estate was suing for half of the Bitcoins in question as well as intellectual property rights.

The lawyers for W&K Information Defence Research LLC, the joint venture between the two men, said they were "gratified" that the jury awarded the US$100 million in intellectual property rights to the company, which developed software that set the groundwork for early blockchain and cryptocurrency technologies.

"Wright refused to give the Kleimans their fair share of what (David Kleinman) helped create and instead took those assets for himself," said Vel Freedman and Kyle Roche of Roche Freedman LLP and Andrew Brenner, a partner at Boies Schiller Flexner, in a joint statement.

Dr Wright's lawyers have said repeatedly that David Kleiman and Dr Wright were friends and collaborated on work together, but their partnership had nothing to do with Bitcoin's creation or early operation.

Dr Wright has said he plans to donate much of the Bitcoin fortune to charity if he were to win at trial.

In an interview, Dr Wright's lawyer Mr Rivero reconfirmed Dr Wright's plans to donate much of his Bitcoin fortune.

PM Harris and Mrs Morton Among Antioch Baptist Church Birthday Celebrants

BASSETERRE, ST. KITTS, December 6, 2021 (MMS-SKN) — When Lead Pastor at the Antioch Baptist Church in Lime Kiln, Pastor Lincoln Connor, on Sunday December 5 invited birthday celebrants for the day and the week to stand, among them were Prime Minister Dr the Hon Timothy Harris, and Mrs Cynthia Morton.

Prime Minister Harris, who is also the Area Parliamentary Representative for St. Christopher Seven (Bellevue to Ottley’s) and National Political Leader of the Peoples Labour Party (PLP) one of the three parties in the ruling Team Unity Administration, is celebrating his birthday on Monday December 6.

Mrs Morton, who is the wife of Governor General’s Deputy, His Excellency Michael Morton, will be celebrating her birthday on Tuesday December 7.

“We want to celebrate those who are celebrating,” announced Pastor Connor during the 9:30 a.m. worship service at the church. “So, we want to celebrate those of you who are here celebrating this week, anytime today right down. Kindly stand so we can celebrate with you.”

As he made the announcement, pictures of three persons who had attended the 7:00 a.m. worship service including a young boy were splashed on the screen. Prime Minister Harris, Mrs Morton, and at least three others stood to be recognised, after which the band belted out the ‘Happy birthday’ song.

“Amen – I ain’t hear the band play that birthday song like that for a long time,” remarked Pastor Connor. “To tell the truth, when it was your birthday, they play so good? Truth – not even for my birthday. But Mr Prime Minister – that is another reason.”

Other birthday celebrants were Master Jestin Henry (Dec. 5), Mr Javed Farrell (Dec. 8), twins Miss Zanaya and Miss Janaya Huggins (Dec. 8), Mr Joshua Richards (Dec. 8), Master Ajani Woods (Dec. 8), and Ms Trista Wattley-Stennett (Dec.9).

“Father as we reflect upon your goodness and where you have brought them from, we pray that all the honour and glory would go to you,” said Pastor as he prayed for the celebrants. “Actionise them in their work especially our Prime Minister as he leads. We pray that you will endow him with wisdom, and guidance that you only can give. We pray that you will bless him as he leads his Cabinet, and leads this Federation.”

Added the Leader Pastor in his prayer for the Prime Minister: “We pray God your blessings upon everything that he puts his hands to do, for if he prospers, then we prosper. So, we pray that you would strengthen him physically, emotionally, mentally, and spiritually, as he does his job.”

Governor General’s Deputy His Excellency Michael Morton, and Prime Minister of the Federation of St. Kitts and Nevis Dr the Hon Timothy Harris had worshipped at the church in support of three organisations that were celebrating important milestones.

Commissioners at the Office of Integrity Commission for St. Kitts and Nevis led by Chairperson Justice Pearletta Lanns were worshipping at the start of a week of activities to popularise the work of the commission, St. Kitts (Basseterre) Lions Club were commemorating 42 years of work in St. Kitts, while members of the St. Kitts and Nevis Police and Fire Retirees Association were observing the association’s third anniversary.

Other celebrants who were recognised were Javid and Shaline Lewis who celebrated their wedding anniversary on Sunday December 5, and Vernon and Olivia Taylor who will be celebrating their wedding anniversary on Friday December 10.

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Virgin Atlantic Inaugurates Long-Haul Flights From Edinburgh to Barbados

By Pranjal Pande

Virgin Atlantic has inaugurated its first long-haul route from Edinburgh. The airline launched its new service from the Scottish capital to Barbados, its third route to the Caribbean nation. It’s the first connection to Barbados from the Scottish capital.

Virgin Atlantic Inaugurates Long-Haul Flights From Edinburgh
Virgin Atlantic is using one of its Airbus A330-300s for the 9+ hour route over the Atlantic. Photo: Getty Images

Hello sunshine!

December 5th marked the first flight of Virgin Atlantic’s new route from Edinburgh Airport (EDI) to Bridgetown, Barbados (BGI). The route was first announced in August this year, with the carrier hoping to corner the market for long-haul services to leisure destinations and boost cargo capacity out of Scotland.

VS223 took off from EDI at 11:17 AM local time for the scheduled nine hours and a 10-minute transatlantic flight. The A330-300 operating took a straightforward route, flying southwest over Ireland before entering the Atlantic for much of its journey. The next time the flight was overland, it was on approach to BGI, where it touched down at 16:00 local time, 15 minutes ahead of schedule

Map
Barbados is the first of two destinations Virgin has planned from Edinburgh in the next year. Map and Data: RadarBox.com

This service will operate twice a week, scheduled for:

  • VS223: Departs EDI at 11:05 AM and lands in BGI at 16:15 local times on Wednesdays and Sundays (the schedule varies slightly through Dec-Jan)
  • VS224: Departs BGI at 19:10 and arrived in EDI at 07:30 AM (+1 day) on Saturdays and Tuesdays (no changes to schedule)

Virgin’s trusted Airbus A330-300s will serve both flights. These planes come equipped with 31 seats in Upper Class, 46 seats in premium economy, and 185 seats in standard economy, for a total of 264 passengers.

 

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PAHO: Unequal Living Conditions Affect Health of Afro-Descendants

CMC– The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) says  a new study of Afro-descendant populations in 18 Latin American countries demonstrates that they live with “dramatically unequal social and economic conditions that damage health.”

The study, “Health of Afro-descendant People in Latin America,” concludes that in more than 80 per cent of the 18 countries analyzed, Afro-descendants live with “a broad range of disadvantages related to poverty, employment, maternal and child health, and lack of access to adequate ­housing and basic services, such as safe water and sanitation.”

“Let us be frank: health inequities faced by Afro-descendant people occur in a context of discrimination and institutional racism, often exacerbated by gender inequalities,” said PAHO Dominican-born Director Dr Carissa F. Etienne in releasing the study on Friday.

“They are manifested from the first years of life, and accumulated health risks increase with age, producing significant differences in the levels of mortality and life expectancy,” she added. “As a result, different factors related to discrimination and stigmatization, along with gender inequalities and social and economic disadvantages, account for the poor health outcomes of Afro-descendant people.

“As we have noted before,” Dr Etienne continued, “the profound inequities in health faced by these communities have been further exposed and exacerbated by the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic in both its direct and indirect effects.”

The report, which analyzes data on socio-economic indicators in the 18 countries, emphasizes that limited access to health care for Afro-descendant people also translates into “high maternal mortality rates, early pregnancy, and epidemiological profiles in which sickle cell disease, chronic diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, and HIV prevail.”

PAHO said that, in Latin America, 134 million people identify themselves as Afro-descendants.

The report finds that, in many countries, disadvantages are stark. For example, it finds that, in Ecuador, the maternal mortality rate for Afro-descendant women triples the overall maternal mortality rate.

In Colombia, the rate for Afro-descendant women is 1.8 times higher, and in Brazil, it is 36 per cent higher, the study finds.

In Uruguay, the proportion of Afro-descendants with limited access to drinking water (42 per cent) is almost double that of non-Afro-descendants (24 per cent), according to the report.

In urban areas in Nicaragua, it says 81 per cent of Afro-descendants have limited access to water, compared to 35 per cent of non-Afro-descendants.

“We are living in a context of systemic racism against Afro-descendants,” said Costa Rican First Vice President Espy Campbell Barr during the launch event. “By systemic, I mean that it is enclosed within the political, economic, social and cultural system and that, as a result, health is incorporated in that reality of racial exclusion of Afro-descendant people and, of course, indigenous peoples.”

La Celia A. Prince, the Vincentian-born Chief of Staff of the Assistant Secretary-General of the Organization of American States (OAS), said: “While people in situations of vulnerability such as Afro-descendants still face invisibility and exclusion, while they still live in poverty and are not able to access universal health coverage, the achievement of the (United Nations) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will remain out of our reach.

“For this reason, we join the call to action and inclusivity for vulnerable Afro-descendant populations,” said Prince, a former St. Vincent and the Grenadines Ambassador to the United States and the OAS.

The report recommends improving public health policies for Afro-descendants by incorporating “specific knowledge and ancestral practices of Afro-descendant people, respect for their autonomy, culture and customs, and the creation of participatory scenarios conducive to equal opportunities for all.

“These are urgent issues that cannot be put off if the aim is to ensure equitable and inclusive processes that guarantee the right to health for all Afro-descendant people,” the report said.

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