An alarming and wide-ranging report has revealed serious health concerns associated with the use of e-cigarettes, or vapes.

The study conducted by researchers at Australian National University said there was conclusive evidence linking vaping to respiratory disease and seizures.

The study found there was "no available evidence" linking vaping to invasive cancers.

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But problematically, vaping is so new that it is impossible to tell the long-term harm.

"The evidence is there for some of the risks but for most major health outcomes, like cancer, cardiovascular disease and mental illness, we don't know what the impacts of e-cigarettes are," lead author Emily Banks said.

"Their safety for these outcomes hasn't been established."

Professor Banks said the nicotine in vapes was causing addiction in a new generation.

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"Young non-smokers who vape are around three times as likely to take up smoking than non-vapers," Professor Banks said.

"Nicotine use in children and adolescents can lead to lifelong addiction issues as well as difficulties in concentration and learning."

The study also found there was some evidence that ex-smokers who had taken up vaping were twice as likely to start smoking again than those who did not vape.

Over two million Australians have used e-cigarettes, mostly young men.

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"There are myths targeting young people; the false ideas that vapes wouldn't be widely available if they were dangerous and 'it's just water vapour'," Professor Brooks said. 

"Vapes deliver hundreds of chemicals – some of them known to be toxic and many others with unknown effects."

The report noted vapers are breathing in nicotine, solvent carriers, volatile organic compounds, phenolic compounds and many other chemicals.

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