BASSETERRE, ST. KITTS, August 13, 2021 (MMS-SKN) — With the arrival of the first tranche of the Pfizer Covid-19 vaccines, on Thursday August 12, Prime Minister Dr the Hon Timothy Harris has said that this gives the country more choices as adolescents could get their own protection by getting vaccinated.

“I am happy that we have received the Pfizer vaccines, and our health professionals here could perhaps say more about what is special and unique with regard to the Pfizer vaccines,” said Dr Harris at the ceremony held at the Welcome Centre of the RLB International Airport after 11,700 Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine doses were received from the United States of America.

“What I do know is that it brings more choices to our people – something we had hoped for, longed for, and worked hard for, and we are now seeing the fruits of our labour,” the Honourable Prime Minister noted. “And we are receiving this additional option in the face of limitations and the availability and accessibility of Covid-19 vaccines around the world, with the developing world being put at a disadvantage.”

Dr Harris, who also has lead responsibility for Human Resource Development, Health and HIV/AIDS issues in the CARICOM’s quasi-cabinet and who had written to US President Joe Biden as part of CARICOM’s high level diplomacy when requesting for the vaccines, said it was significant since the Pfizer vaccine had also been used to vaccinate people above age 12.

“At present in our country only persons 18 and over were able to access the AstraZeneca vaccine,” he reminded. “The continuity of the trials and the science have now revealed that it is safe for the Pfizer vaccine to be used to vaccinate adolescents. This then is a tremendous benefit since our children can now have their own protection rather than relying on vaccinated adults for their protection.”

Presently in the country there are 13,021 persons under 18 according Dr Harris, while 4,810 persons which is 10.2 per cent of the country’s population are between the ages of 12-17. He therefore pointed out that the country now has a new pool of 4,800 persons who can be vaccinated and add to the general protection, health and safety of St. Kitts and Nevis.

“This then of course will make a significant difference,” he said. “It means that our secondary schools in St. Kitts and Nevis can be put in a safer position when schools reopen in September this year. The disruption earlier this year of all our schools, including our secondary schools because of Covid-19 is now less likely to reoccur and our children can enjoy in classroom learning. Their tomorrow will be much brighter than their yesterday and their today because we now have the Pfizer vaccine.”

There are people elsewhere who have advocated that if the in classroom setting is no longer available, then people must go to the technology, which represents an imperfect alternative for the in classroom setting and learning.

It was pointed out that the online or virtual experience creates greater inequality in participation in learning, as those who are from richer families can access the technology, while those who are from poorer families would have difficulties and that has played itself out in America and in the United Kingdom.

He told the gathering which included the Minister of Health the Hon Akilah Byron-Nisbett, the Attorney General the Hon Vincent Byron Jr. and Chief Medical Officer Dr Hazel Laws among others, that with the Pfizer vaccine, which will be available to students in the country’s secondary schools students will now be able to continue with the in classroom experience, adding, “We want our children to be safe, we want them to be protected, and we want them to be properly educated.”

The Honourable Prime Minister reaffirmed: “My administration is committed to delivering a stronger safer future, and to do so we must protect all our people, and in our part of development, and in the organisation of our country, we have always paid special attention to young people, to the elderly, to the vulnerable. We can do this now much more effectively with the Pfizer vaccine.”

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By Sir Ronald Sanders  

(The writer is Antigua and Barbuda’s Ambassador to the United States and the Organization of American States.   He is also a Senior Fellow at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies at the University of London and Massey College in the University of Toronto.  The views expressed are entirely his own)  

The question has to be asked.  Are some people in Caribbean countries becoming the architects of their own and the region’s destruction?

There is clearly an organised anti-vaccination campaign throughout the region. Who is behind the campaign is unclear, but what is evident is that opposition political parties and criminal elements in Caribbean societies are taking advantage of the anti-COVID-19 vaccination sentiment for their own narrow purposes.

So, while great strides had been made in countries such as Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados and Guyana to suppress the coronavirus and curb its spread through a vigorous inoculation programme against the pandemic, that march is now being halted.

The process, that was taking many Caribbean countries to ‘herd’ or ‘community’ immunity, is now being derailed.  This means that the countries, particularly tourism dependent ones, that were heading toward opening their borders and recovering their economies with the obvious attendant benefits for their populations, will now be setback, if not gravely reversed.

The people of Caribbean countries where this situation takes hold will have no one to blame but themselves.  Vaccines now exist, and are available, for most countries to inoculate 70 per cent of their adult population. The provision by the government of the United States of Pfizer vaccines, suitable for children, to six CARICOM countries has enhanced their capacity to immunize their people against the lethal coronavirus.   The six countries that are recipients of Pfizer doses so far are: Antigua and Barbuda (17,500); Bahamas (397,000); Barbados (70,200); St Kitts-Nevis (11,700); St Vincent and the Grenadines (35,100) and Trinidad and Tobago (305,370). Other Caribbean countries will also be beneficiaries as soon as they settle requirements for storing and distributing the vaccines safely.

The US donation fortifies supplies of vaccines that have been delivered through the COVAX facility, administered by the World Health and Pan American Health Organisations, as well as gifts from India, Russia and China to several countries.

Caribbean countries, principally Antigua and Barbuda and Barbados, enjoyed great success in the early stage of the inoculation programme.  But this initial enthusiasm by people who recognised the value of being immunised from a deadly disease, concealed the anti-vaccination movement that had already taken hold.

Oddly, the success of many Caribbean governments and health authorities in suppressing the coronavirus and curbing its spread, also contributed to the propaganda that the virus would not kill, and that greater risk exists from inoculation.   The anti-vaxxers seized upon the containment of the disease as some sort of warped evidence that it was better to contract it than to prevent it.

Consequently, there has been a recent resurgence of COVID-19 infections throughout the Caribbean.  It is so bad in Martinique, a French island neighbouring St Lucia and Dominica, that the authorities have locked down the country again and asked all tourists to leave.  While Martinique can afford this drastic step because it is politically and administratively a part of France which gives it budgetary support, should CARICOM countries take similar action, they would immediately suffer even further economic decline.  This time, economic recovery, and a return to any semblance of normal life, would be extremely prolonged with long-term unemployment and severely reduced social welfare programmes.  Many economies would simply collapse.

Additionally, the strain on health systems, that are only now being eased  from COVID-19 cases, would intensify beyond their capacity to cope.  Further, other non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, kidney failure and cancer, would take many lives as resources are diverted again to persons infected by the coronavirus.

Anyone who doubts these real possibilities should check the situation in parts of the US where medical resources are much greater than any CARICOM country.  For example, data from the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control shows that hospital occupancy in Horry County is at 93.3%.  The report reveals that 94 out of 98 beds in intensive care units are occupied, and 44 of them are COVID-19 patients. There are also 34 patients that are currently on ventilators, and 21 of them are COVID-19 sufferers.

According to the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), COVID-19 cases are rising in nearly 90 percent of jurisdictions in the US, with outbreaks in areas with low vaccination rates.

Politics played a huge part in the anti-vaccination campaign in the US, started by former President Donald Trump.  It was adopted by right-wing religious and political groups who have exposed their own congregations and supporters to illness and death by encouraging gatherings of unmasked persons at which they rail against vaccinations.

Political parties in some CARICOM countries have taken a page from the Trump playbook.  They have jumped on the anti-vaccine sentiment in the expectation that protests and marches against inoculation would galvanize a mass movement to topple governments.  They have gone as far as to encourage violations of the law and confrontations with Police.  In St Vincent, this emboldening of lawlessness resulted in a supporter of an opposition political party, hurling a stone at the head of 75-year-old Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves that wounded him but could have killed him.

Political parties, that irresponsibly align themselves with the anti-vaccination campaign, particularly to violate the law and confront Police carrying out their role to protect the wider citizenry, are playing with fire.  Not only are they exposing people to disease and death, they are also risking killing economies which, even if their political actions help to topple governments, will leave them with countries so ruined that the majority of their populations will never forgive them.

COVID-19 remains a threat to human life as great as atrocities resulting from terrorism or war.  The fact, that unlike leprosy, the disease is not obvious until it has ravaged its victims, only hides its lethal effects.

All leaders of Caribbean societies, including politicians who want power, should put the well being of their peoples and their countries first.

Responses and previous commentaries: www.sirronaldsanders.com

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Prime Minister of St Vincent and the Grenadines Dr. Ralph Gonsalves is concerned about how the blow to his head inflicted upon him during a protest in Kingstown, will affect him in the future.

But he also made it clear such actions and people will not hinder him from doing his job. “I will never allow the crazies or their fellow-travelers” to hinder or impede access to Parliament.

he will never allow the crazies or their fellow travellers to hinder or impede his access to Parliament.

The prime minister’s latest statement on the matter comes as he explained a Parliamentarian’s right to unhindered access to the House of Assembly.

Gonsalves, 75, sat down for a Candid Conversation with VC3 television last night. The prime minister who wore a hat on set joked it was to protect his vanity as some of his hair had to be cut to attend to his ‘buss head.’

Gonsalves says he has not returned to work since the assault and battery upon him ‘the bussing of my head’ six days ago.

When you are my age and you get a concussion, a blow in your head it has the potential to cause serious challenges for you.

He says it is not just the injury itself, sometimes one can get headaches and as his doctor has informed him—post-concussion syndrome.

The prime minister though is concerned about moving forward and what the possible long-term consequences of the blow to his head could mean for his quality of life as he gets down in age.

Gonsalves also expressed concern about how some quarters have reacted to his injury, with some blaming him for walking to the House of Assembly. The prime minister notes that as a Parliamentarian he has the right to walk to the House of Assembly unhindered.

He also had some choice words for the Leader of the New Democratic Party (NDP), Dr Godwin Lorraine Friday, the island’s Opposition leader, stating he holds him personally responsible for his injury, but not criminally liable, as he did not throw the object.

The prime minister also expressed his disappointment with the Opposition leader’s response to his injury stating he failed three tests – to stop the protest after he was injured, to immediately condemn what occurred and not wait five hours after the incident and to contact his wife, Eloise to express his sentiments on the matter.

Gonsalves noted that certain statements made during an opposition conference with respect to recent police raids are now in the hands of his lawyers.

He also made it clear that he still has confidence in his personal security stating that were it not for them, the situation could have been worse for him.

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Fear, conspiracy theories, and religious beliefs are major factors contributing to the level of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy across the Caribbean.

This is according to the Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO) and World Health Organisation (WHO) representative to T&T Dr Erica Wheeler and Tobago Regional Health Authority (TRHA) officials.

Speaking at the weekly Tobago Health Update media briefing yesterday, the TRHA’s general manager for Primary Care Services Dr Roxanne Mitchell, explained.

“I could understand fear. I could understand persons not understanding the mechanisms by which the vaccines were manufactured.”

“We do have some conspiracy theories…There are people who think there are microchips and nano bugs present within the vaccine…that the vaccines have locators.”

Wheeler spoke about a survey conducted among healthcare workers in the Caribbean on vaccine hesitancy.

“Some of the things that are a little different…circulating in the community is around the lines of persons in religious communities not wanting to take the vaccine because they feel that this…is the mark of the beast,” Wheeler said.

The PAHO official said people have a right to their beliefs. She said: “There is no proof that the way the vaccines are produced, there isn’t anything harmful in them.”

She encouraged people to read more about the vaccines from PAHO, WHO, and Government websites and discuss their findings.

She said people have been taking the small pox vaccine and, “It was around before it was ever approved.”

Speaking as a Christian, she said God created excellent doctors and nurses.

She said another common vaccine hesitancy view is that natural immunity can be achieved from exposure to the virus and using natural herbs.

“Our body is a virgin to this virus, so we can’t rely on these things to protect us,” she said.

Health secretary Tracy Davidson- Celestine, who also spoke at the briefing, said Tobago would get the vaccines it needs for its population.

She urged residents to get the vaccines. She said from today to Sunday, residents in Tobago East can get their vaccines at the Roxborough Administrative Complex’s car park from 9 am to 3 pm.

TRHA officials said vaccinations continue at the Canaan, Roxborough, and Scarborough Health Centres and Magdalena Grand Beach and Golf Resort from Monday to Friday.

At the Mason Hall Community Centre from 8 am to 4 pm on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. And Les Coteaux Health Centre on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 8 am to 4 pm.

The authority said appointments are necessary for the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine, administered at the Roxborough and Scarborough Health Centres from 8 am to 4 pm.

The TRHA said as of August 11, there are 553 active COVID cases in Tobago, 52 of which were recorded in the previous 24 hours.

In terms of vaccinations, 15,510 people received their first dose, 10,681 received two doses, the TRHA said.
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SACRAMENTO, Calif./BRASILIA/SHANGHAI, Aug 13 (Reuters) – Severe droughts are drying up rivers and reservoirs vital for the production of zero-emissions hydropower in several countries around the globe, in some cases leading governments to rely more heavily on fossil fuels.

The emerging problems with hydropower production in places like the United States, China and Brazil represent what scientists and energy experts say is going to be a long-term issue for the industry as climate change triggers more erratic weather and makes water access less reliable.

They also could pose a threat to international ambitions to fight global warming by hindering one of the leading forms of existing clean power. Hydropower is the world’s top source of clean energy and makes up close to 16% of world electricity generation, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA).

This year, climate-driven droughts have triggered the biggest disruptions in hydropower generation in decades in places like the western United States and Brazil. China is still recovering from the effects of last year’s severe drought on hydro production in Yunnan province in the southwestern part of the country.

Elsewhere, too much water is the problem.

Last year in Malawi, for example, flooding and debris from megastorms forced two power stations to go offline, reducing hydropower capacity from 320 megawatts (MW) to 50 MW, according to the IEA.

Those effects have forced power grid operators to rely more heavily on thermal power plants, often fired by natural gas or coal, and to ask businesses to curtail electricity use to prevent outages, according to Reuters interviews with grid operators and regulators.

“When we’re talking about hydropower we’re really talking about making sure we have enough water to get electricity,” said Kristen Averyt, a research professor focusing on climate resilience at the University of Nevada in Las Vegas. “What does that hydro generation get replaced with?”

SHUTDOWN AT LAKE OROVILLE

In California, the State Water Project was forced to shut down a 750-MW hydroelectric power plant at Lake Oroville this month for the first time since it was built in 1967 because of low water levels. In good years, the plant can power half a million homes.

Power facilities at Lake Shasta, the largest reservoir in the federal government’s Central Valley Project in California, were also generating about 30% less power than usual this summer, said Cary Fox, a team leader for the Bureau of Reclamation’s operations in the state.

The lake usually provides about 710 MW during the summer, but in July was producing only 500 MW, Fox said.

At the huge 2,000 MW Hoover Dam on the Colorado River at the border of Nevada and Arizona, production was also down by about 25% last month, the agency said.

One megawatt can power up to 1,000 U.S. homes.

Tight power supplies in California, driven in part by low hydropower production, led Governor Gavin Newsom to issue an order on July 30 allowing industrial power consumers to run on diesel generators and engines that emit more greenhouse gases. [ read more

The order also allowed ships at port to use diesel generators instead of plugging into the grid, and lifted restrictions on the amount of fuel natural gas plants can use to generate power.

Environmentalists have criticized the move, saying it will worsen air quality in California and undermine the state’s efforts to fight climate change.

Tim Welch, director of hydropower research at the U.S. Department of Energy, said the department is researching ways that dams can more efficiently store water during rainy periods so it can be reserved for use during droughts.

Hydropower plants in the United States are capable of producing about 80 gigawatts (GW) of energy, about 7% of total energy production, Welch said.

DROUGHT IN BRAZIL

In Brazil, where hydroelectric power is the top source of electricity at 61%, drought recently cut water flows into hydro dams to a 91-year low, the country’s mines and energy minister said.

To offset the drop in hydropower, the country is seeking to activate thermoelectric plants, mainly powered by natural gas, threatening to drive up greenhouse gas emissions. In July, sector regulator Aneel raised the most expensive electricity rate by 52%, due to the drought crisis.

Severe weather events like the current drought will become increasingly frequent with climate change, and Brazilians will need to change their attitudes about water, said José Marengo, a climatologist at the government’s disaster monitoring center.

“People always thought that water is unlimited, but it really isn’t,” Marengo said.

Brazil Mines and Energy Minister Bento Albuquerque said in an online briefing with reporters that a boom in the construction of power lines to reroute electricity to where it is needed and diversification away from hydro to solar and wind will help the country deal with such events in the future, and prevent the need for water rationing.

Even so, Brazil will remain reliant on hydropower for years. By 2030, the energy ministry predicts 49% of electricity will come from hydro. The country is also maintaining plans to build more hydro plants, exploring potential cross-border dam projects with Bolivia, Guyana and Argentina, as well as building 2 GW worth of small dams domestically.

DAMS – SAVE THE PLANET OR HARM IT?

Last year’s drought in China’s Yunnan province slashed hydro power generation by nearly 30% during the first five months of 2020, according to official data. Output this year remains curtailed by around 10%.

Yunnan usually accounts for roughly a quarter of China’s total hydro generation, and the province is home to several aluminum smelting businesses that require vast quantities of power to operate. The province restricted metal producers’ power use earlier this year, forcing some smelting capacity to be temporarily shut.

More disruptions are expected.

A recent study by researchers in Nanjing looked at the potential impact of climate change and rising temperatures on hydropower generation in Yunnan. Their models showed decreases in rain and snowfall during the October-April drought season and increases in the summer rainy season.

To even out the variability, the researchers proposed more storage capacity – more dams and reservoirs.

But the diversions could worsen droughts elsewhere, according to experts. China’s giant reservoirs on the upper reaches of the Mekong River in Yunnan have already been blamed for reducing downstream flows – affecting water access in Thailand, Cambodia and Myanmar.

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HAVANA, Aug 12 (Reuters) – Hundreds of people, including dozens of dissident artists and opposition activists, remain detained in Communist-run Cuba a month after unprecedented anti-government protests, according to rights groups.

Thousands took to the streets nationwide on July 11 to protest a dire economic crisis and curbs on civil rights. The government said the unrest was fomented by counter-revolutionaries exploiting hardship caused largely by U.S. sanctions.

Rights group Cubalex has recorded around 800 detentions, a number that has risen daily as relatives come forward. Many are still too afraid to report the arrest of family members, said Cubalex director Laritza Diversent.

While 249 people have been released, many to house arrest, most remain in “preventative jail,” she said. The whereabouts of 10 people is unknown.

Dozens have already been sentenced to up to a year in prison or correctional work in summary trials, with simplified procedures and often without the chance of hiring a defense lawyer on time, said Diversent.

“The government’s aim is to make an example of those who protested, to stop others from doing the same,” she said.

The government did not respond to requests for comment for this story.

Cuban authorities have not given a figure for the total number of detained in the recent unrest but say they have so far carried out trials for 62 people, 22 of which had hired a lawyer. All but one have been deemed guilty of crimes including public disorder, resisting arrest, and vandalism, they said.

The protests were largely peaceful, although state media showed some demonstrators looting and throwing stones at police. One person died and several people, including government supporters, were injured, authorities have confirmed.

Several of those sentenced were not protesting, but were caught up in the unrest, according to their relatives.

Yaquelin Salas, 35, says her husband intervened peacefully in the arrest of a woman, calling on police agents to not treat her so aggressively. Now he is serving a 10-month prison sentence on charges of public disorder after a collective trial in which just two of the 12 detained had lawyers.

“What they are doing is totally unfair,” said Salas.

Since Cuba’s 1959 revolution, authorities have tightly controlled public spaces, saying unity is key to resisting coup attempts by the United States, which has long openly sought to force political change through sanctions and democracy initiatives. The White House has said it will do what it can to support Cuban protesters.

FAMILIES ‘SILENCED’

Gabriela Zequeira, 17, one of several minors detained in the protests, said she was sentenced to house arrest for eight months after being arrested while walking home from the hairdressers on July 11.

Upon her admission to jail, where she was kept 10 days incommunicado, she said she was required to put a finger in her vagina to show she was concealing nothing as part of a strip search. Officers kept interrupting her attempts to sleep and one officer made sexual taunts, she said in an interview.

The Cuban government initially said no minors had been detained, a statement later contradicted by state prosecutors.

Some relatives of those detained said authorities were pressuring them to stop speaking out.

“My family has been silenced,” said emigre Milagros Beirut from her home in Spain. She said four of her relatives in Havana and the eastern city of Guantanamo remained behind bars for protesting peacefully. “They’ve been told those detained will receive a stricter sentence if they say anything.”

Dozens of political activists and dissident artists were among the detained, including some who did not participate in the protests but appeared to have been arrested pre-emptively, said Diversent from Cubalex.

Jose Daniel Ferrer, the leader of Cuba’s largest opposition group, and Luis Manuel Otero Alcantara, head of a dissident artists collective, were both arrested on their way to the protests before even arriving, according to their supporters.

Ferrer’s sister Ana Belkis Ferrer said the family had not been able to speak to or see him, a complaint of many relatives of those detained.

“We don’t know if he’s being beaten, if he’s well or not, whether or not he’s doing a hunger strike,” she said.

Another detained activist, Félix Navarro, 68, president of the Party for Democracy, was in hospital with COVID-19, said Diversent. Several of those detained have denounced unsanitary conditions in jail amid one of the worst COVID-19 outbreaks in the world.

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