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It's been less than a month since Tanya Hartman's world was turned upside down.

At 36 years old, stage-three bowel cancer is not a diagnosis she expected to be given.

Yet here she is.

The devastating news came as Ms Hartman woke from what was supposed to be a routine colonoscopy in January to tie off a suspected haemorrhoid.

"When I opened my eyes, the specialist who performed the colonoscopy told me there was no haemorrhoid, but he had found a 3cm tumour.

"I had bowel cancer."

READ MORE: How the pandemic has impacted cancer diagnosis in Australia

Ms Hartman's mind almost immediately turned back to all the times that colonoscopy had been postponed over a two-and-a-half year period.

Ms Hartman, who lives in Portland on the south west coast of Victoria, initially got her referral for the colonoscopy in mid-2019.

She chose to have the procedure done in Naracoorte, just across the border in South Australia.

State lines were no big deal back then: just a sign by the side of the road.

Besides, Ms Hartman used to live in the area, she knew the doctors and they had her medical records.

Ms Hartman said the first few times her colonoscopy was cancelled it was because the hospital was undergoing renovations.

Then the COVID-19 pandemic hit; with it came hard border closures and intermittent delays to elective surgeries and other procedures, such as colonoscopies.

By the time January this year rolled around, Ms Hartman said she was getting desperate.

Although she didn't think it was cancer, the suspected 'haemorrhoid' was causing her to pass a lot of blood when she went to the toilet.

"I went and had my pre-op appointment a week before the procedure. At that time, I was told it would most likely be cancelled again because of the high number of COVID-19 cases in the area," Ms Hartman said.

"I just started bawling my eyes out. I said please don't cancel because I am so sick of going to the toilet and losing so much blood. I have had enough."

After the colonoscopy, further tests showed the cancer had spread to Ms Hartman's lymph nodes and ovaries.

When the shock of her diagnosis wore off, Ms Hartman said what she felt most was fear and a lot of anger.

"I feel really angry, not just at (the doctors and hospital system), but at myself for not pushing for things to happen quicker," Ms Hartman said.

"I really should have pushed a lot harder or tried to get my treatment done in Victoria.

"But I didn't really push it because I was told it was just a haemorrhoid."

Ms Hartman's case is similar to that of 31-year-old Victorian mum Rhiannon Coombs.

As previously reported by 9news.com.au, Ms Coombs waited almost three years for a colonoscopy at a Melbourne hospital.

The delay was due in part to lengthy public wait times for colonoscopies, as well as lockdowns in Melbourne.

READ MORE: Canberra mum calls for bowel cancer screening age to be lowered

Ms Coombs was also told she likely had a haemorrhoid, but when her colonoscopy was finally done in September last year, a 5cm tumour was found and she was diagnosed with stage-three bowel cancer.

Cancers going undiagnosed

Bowel cancer claims the lives of 5255 Australians every year, including 290 people under the age of 50. 

Despite a perception that it only affects older Australians, it is the deadliest cancer for young adults.

In the first Australian report of its kind, Cancer Australia raised a red flag last September about the potential number of people going undiagnosed with cancer because of the impact of the pandemic.

During 2020, the number of colonoscopies performed nationally was 13 percent lower than expected, the Cancer Australia data showed.

There were 610,000 colonoscopies performed, which was 90,000 less than expected.

Sydney colorectal surgeon and Bowel Cancer Australia director Graham Newstead said there was a significant concern some patients have been getting diagnosed with bowel cancer at later stages because of the impact of the pandemic.

Colonoscopies, which are classed as day procedures and not elective surgery, had been scaled back intermittently in most states due COVID-19, leading to procedures being delayed, Professor Newstead said.

Some patients had also pushed back their appointments out of fear of going to hospital during the pandemic, he added.

"We have experienced patients cancelling their routine colonoscopies because they want to defer until the COVID-19 situation has settled," Professor Newstead said.

"I've seen several patients with really big (potentially pre-cancerous) polyps that have come in after due date. And I know for sure that a number of colleagues are seeing cancers after patients have put off the procedure."

In some cases, the delays could mean the difference between life and death, Professor Newstead said.

"You can go from having a cancer which is early and curable – a stage one or two – to stage three or four, which is then potentially incurable."

'I burst into tears. It gutted me'

Bowel cancer patients have told 9news.com.au that – in addition to difficulties in getting diagnosed – the cancellation of elective surgeries during the pandemic has added to their distress.

Emma Rogers was diagnosed with stage-four bowel cancer in January last year.

After undergoing chemotherapy and radiation, the 32-year-old from Adelaide underwent surgery to remove 15cm of her bowel at the end of August.

After the surgery, Ms Rogers was left with a temporary ileostomy, an opening in the abdominal wall which requires a person's waste to be collected in a bag.

Ms Rogers said living with her ileostomy had been much harder than she expected, and she had endured several complications, including regular leaks.

"Having an ileostomy means every time I go to the bathroom I have to empty the bag which can be anytime between five and eight times per day," Ms Rogers said.

"There have been times where I've been out in public, or in bed at night, when its leaked. And it does make noises, it can talk to you, which you don't have any control over. So that has been a really challenging thing.

"It's been a massive adjustment and has taken a toll on my mental health."

Ms Rogers said her ileostomy reversal was classified as an urgent, category two procedure to be completed within 90 days.

"I was initially told by my medical team that I was still scheduled to have the reversal at the end of January," she said.

"But, a week later, they phoned back and said that it had been cancelled and they couldn't give me a rough idea as to when it would occur. 

"I am not going to lie, I burst into tears. It gutted me."

Different states and territories have responded differently to the pressures the latest Omicron variant has put their health systems, however many suspended non-urgent elective surgeries in early January.

In Victoria, only category one emergency surgery has been going ahead under its code brown system, while in NSW category one and category two surgeries have proceeded.

This week, the NSW Government announced all non-urgent elective surgeries will begin a staggered return from February 7.

The South Australian Government, which has suspended category three and non-urgent category two procedures, said yesterday a staged return of elective surgeries would begin from next week.

In Victoria, private hospitals are expected to resume a half-load of elective surgeries next week, according to The Age, however no official announcement has been made.

Ms Rogers said she felt many patients been neglected as SA hospital system struggled to cope with the pandemic and the government could have done a better job of managing the conflict.

"I understand there has been a lot of pressure on hospitals but I really feel that the South Australian Government did not do a good enough job preparing our state to open," she said.

"We were shut for quite some time and we have done the hard yards with the restrictions and getting vaccinated and doing all we can."

Last week, bowel cancer patient Tania Frost started an online petition highlighting the impact cutbacks in elective surgeries are having on cancer patients.

The petition – which Ms Frost started after hearing many stories within her local bowel cancer support group of patients with cancelled appointments – has so far attracted 18,000 signatures.

Contact reporter Emily McPherson at em********@******om.au.

Experts have welcomed the Government’s move to make the Covid-19 booster available to more Kiwis now, arguing the urgent need to get the third shot out now outweighs any immunity benefit of waiting longer. Covid-19 Response Minister…

Divers were met with a bizarre, and concerning, sight off a Sydney beach last week when they discovered a shark stuck in a frisbee.

Posting to Facebook this week, SEA LIFE Sydney Aquarium said they launched a delicate rescue mission to save the wobbegong shark last Wednesday.

The animal had been spotted off Cabbage Tree Bay in Manly, a popular swimming spot for divers and snorkellers.

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The divers investigated the situation before carefully removing the plastic from around the shark's neck.

After the rescue they posed for photos. A cut could be seen at the top of the disk.

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Wobbegongs live in shallow coastal waters and are thought to be endemic to Australia, the Australian Museum explains.

They range from the southern coastline of Australia from southern Queensland to south-western Western Australia.

They often lie on sand or rocky bottoms and are frequently seen by divers.

The rescue comes amid estimates about eight million tons of plastic waste ends up in the ocean each year.

Millions of rapid antigen tests are set to be manufactured in Victoria from April this year if the plan is approved by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA).

Premier Daniel Andrews today announced Lumos Diagnostics, together with its delivery partner Planet Innovation, will establish a manufacturing facility and innovation hub in the state to produce the RATs.

The government aims for one million tests to be manufactured every month from April and three million after July, before production ramps up to full speed from October onwards.

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The premier said the state aimed to produce up to 50 million RATs every year.

"That's a fantastic outcome," he said.

"This is a valuable commodity, perhaps never been more valuable."

The company, Lumos, is already manufacturing RATs for Canadian and European markets.

The project will create at least 70 ongoing jobs as the facility will also be able to produce diagnostic tests for infectious diseases, tropical diseases, chronic diseases and reproductive health.

Victoria braces for potential COVID-19 spike

Victoria has recorded 14,553 new cases of COVID-19 amid warnings infections could spike as students return to classrooms for the start of the school year.

Another 25 people have died with the virus.

There were 150 infections detected across 1230 state schools yesterday, on day two of Term One.

However, none of those schools will close as isolation rules have relaxed in the state.

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"I think if we are going to see a spike in cases from schools, it will take a little while for that to be identified in terms of the surveillance system, but we will see some increasing cases, I think that's very likely," infectious diseases expert Professor Sanjaya Senanayake told Today.

"We've got a group of people who haven't been together for a very long time who are now gathering together, so it's likely to happen."

https://twitter.com/VicGovDH/status/1488633278798073857?s=20&t=SNXIAd2TkH9mhpCr_hoTJg

Professor Senanayake hoped the rise in cases would be mitigated by the COVID-19 preventative measures put in place, including air purifiers and the twice-weekly rapid antigen testing for students.

The state's elective surgery ban could also soon be lifted as COVID-19 hospitalisations plummet.

Hospitalisations have decreased to 768 patients in state hospitals, with 99 people in ICU.

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Reports suggest the ban could lift as early as mid-next-week, which could see the private sector go to 50 per cent pre-pandemic levels.

However, it remains unclear if public hospitals will follow suit.

Beware the teddy bear cholla cactus, the most dangerous plant in the desert.

Even thick, elbow-length protective gloves could not stop Sir David Attenborough's hand being stabbed by the vicious cactus spikes, which are as sharp as glass and barbed like a fishhook.

"There is nothing cuddly about this particular teddy bear," Attenborough said of the golden prickled cactus, which can grow to heights of 2.5 metres and is native to north-western Mexico and desert regions in the US.

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"Don't be deceived by the name," he explained, while in Arizona filming his latest documentary series The Green Planet.

"It's the most dangerous plant in the desert and I wouldn't dream of putting my hand anywhere near it without proper protection."

Attenborough then plunges his hand into the spikes of the chollas, before letting out a yelp of pain which indicates at least one golden needle has pierced his glove.

"One of them has just gone through," he said.

"It's quite painful."

The spikes, each one covered with backward pointed barbs, are notoriously difficult to remove.

"Getting them out even with a pair of pliers is quite hard," Attenborough said.

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Crew members later had to pluck the spikes from the 95-year-old British environmentalist's glove.

Chollas are sometimes used in gardens because of its dramatic splash of golden colour.

In The Green Planet, Attenborough explores the world of plants, including forest flowers, desert shrubs and snowy survivors.

Two new world records for megaflashes of lightning have been recorded by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), including one for longest distance of a singular flash in North America and one for longest duration in South America.

"A mega-flash is a really, really big lightning flash," Randall Cerveny, a rapporteur of Weather and Climate Extremes for WMO told CNN.

"Most lightning flashes in storms travel only a few miles or so. A megaflash can extend for hundreds of miles!"

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The official definition of a megaflash is any horizontal lightning bolt which travels more than 100 kilometres.

The new record flash went far beyond the definition.

The new record for longest single flash covered a horizontal distance of approximately 768 kilometres from Texas to Louisiana April 29, 2020. The impressive distance is comparable to the stretch between New York City and Columbus Ohio, said Cerveny. It bypassed the previous record by 60 kilometres.

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Though it broke the record for distance, it did not break the record for longevity, which went to a different megaflash in South America lasting more than 17 seconds, setting a new record for duration.

It was documented October 31, 2018, within a thunderstorm over Uruguay and Northern Paraguay. This megaflash lasted for around 17.102 seconds, which edged out the previous record by just 0.37 seconds.

"These are extraordinary records from single lighting flash events," Cerveny says.

Detecting megaflashes from space

Previously, the duration and extent of lightning flashes were documented using ground-based Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) networks. However, scientists found the technology could only detect lightning up to a certain magnitude.

Scientists decided to find a way to look down at the lightning.

With new advances in technology, lightning scientists have been able to use Geostationary Lightning Mappers (GLM's) on satellites orbiting in space to collect a larger scale of lightning data such as the new megaflash lightning records.

The new technology provides a window into an aspect of weather which was previously elusive. Michael J. Peterson of the Space and Remote Sensing Group of Los Alamos National Laboratory said, "We are now at a place where we have excellent measurements of its [lightning's] many facets, which allow us to discover surprising new aspects of its behaviour."

As technology continues to advance, experts in the field are optimistic for lightning detection of an even greater scale in the future. Randall Cerveny said, "It is likely that even greater extremes still exist, and that we are able to observe them as lightning technology improves."

"But these findings are also important to the general public as a stark reminder that lightning can strike far away from the parent source region," Cerveny said.

Hear thunder? This is what you should do next

With severe weather season approaching across the United States, the threat of lightning to the public is a prominent concern.

"Lightning is a major hazard that claims many lives every year," Prof. Petteri Taalas, WMO Secretary-General explained. "The findings highlight important public lightning safety concerns for electrified clouds where flashes can travel extremely large distances."

Locations such as the Great Plains in the United States and the La Plata basin in South America are particularly vulnerable to the types of thunderstorms from which megaflashes originate.

Lightning experts urge people living in severe weather prone areas to be aware of lightning-safe locations in the event of a strong storm.

Lightning specialist Ron Holle explained, "The only lightning safe locations are substantial buildings that have wiring and plumbing structures; not structures such as at a beach or bus stop." If you are not near a lightning-safe building he suggested the second-best option being "inside an enclosed metal-topped vehicle; not dune buggies or motorcycles."

A 6.0 magnitude earthquake that struck near the Banda Sea has been felt in Darwin, the Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) said.

More than 100 residents in the Northern Territory capital have reported feeling tremors, which shook beds early morning.

United States Geological Survey said the earthquake occurred around 182 kilometres north east of Lospalos in Timor Leste, also known as East Timor.

It struck at a depth of 126 kilometres. There is currently no tsunami threat to Australia.

READ MORE: 'Tornado-like' cell hits Queensland, thousands without power

Local Jasumati Patel told 9News.com.au the quake lasted for several minutes.

"I am a deep sleeper and live on the third floor," she said.

"I woke to the bed shaking strongly, that lasted a few minutes and then got a bit lighter, which continued for a few more mins."

https://twitter.com/jasumati_patel/status/1488597577297661952

It's not yet known if there is any damage relating to the quake.

Darwin is no stranger to earthquakes due to its proximity to Indonesia, which is situated on the Ring of Fire.

In the early hours of December 30 2021, residents felt tremors caused by a a magnitude-7.3 quake.

It hit north of Timor-Leste, in the southern Banda Sea, Geoscience Australia (GA) said.

It comes more than a week after residents in Western Australia felt a 4.7 magnitude quake hit — part of a wider "swarm" of minor quakes to hit east of Perth.

More to come…