Australians look set to have the option of a fourth COVID-19 vaccine from next month.

Health Minister Greg Hunt told radio presenter Chris Smith on 4BC that Novavax could be available to Australians as soon as January 2022.

Australia has ordered 51 million doses of the protein-based vaccine, which is yet to be approved by the Therapeutic Goods Administration.

LIVE UPDATES: COVID-19 cases soar in Australia as Omicron creates testing havoc

"Novavax is going through the Therapeutic Goods Administration, our medical regulator," Mr Hunt told 4BC.

"I'm hopeful that, subject to that data stacking up, that this will be available in January."

Australia has hit a 94 percent first dose vaccination rate and 90.8 percent of people aged over 16 have had two doses of a vaccine.

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https://omny.fm/shows/ben-fordham-full-show/when-the-novavax-vaccine-will-be-available-in-aust/embed

Mr Hunt said the addition of another vaccine could help give a small, but important boost the country's vaccination rollout.

"I think it will add a per cent or so to the vaccine program, but every per cent when you're at 94 per cent makes a huge difference."

The European Medicines Agency announced yesterday Novavax had been approved for use in EU residents over the age of 18.

Clinical trials have shown Novavax is 90 per cent effective against symptomatic infection and 100 per cent against moderate and severe disease for COVID-19.

However, it is not yet clear how well the vaccine will protect against the surging Omicron variant of the virus.

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Novavax CEO Stanley Erck told Bloomberg News he was confident the vaccine would provide a "robust" protection against Omicron.

"Our expectation based upon what we saw with Alpha, Beta and Delta is that we'll have a robust, protective level of antibodies with Omicron just as we have with the others," Mr Erck told Bloomberg News.

"In addition, we're making a new vaccine variant, an Omicron strain variant."

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Queensland Premier Annastacia Palaszczuk has dismissed suggestions that travellers bound for the Sunshine State are behind the huge queues overwhelming COVID-19 testing interstate.

Ms Palaszczuk said travellers heading to Queensland comprised just 10 per cent of the queues in New South Wales.

"That's our information. We do have the data," she said.

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She said the massive queues – which are leading to hours-long wait times and delays in results – were more likely due to the large spread of the Omicron variant in southern states.

Currently, fully-vaccinated people seeking to enter Queensland from a domestic hotspot must receive a negative COVID-19 PCR test in the 72 hours preceding their border crossing.

They must also be tested again on the fifth day of their arrival in Queensland.

However, the testing-related delays are seeing some people are arriving at the Queensland border without their result.

About 200 cars are being turned away every day, and other people are being forced to cancel their trips.

But Ms Palaszczuk said the current requirements would remain in place until at least the new year.

READ MORE: CMO says 200,000 Omicron cases a day very unlikely

She said she had spoken to NSW Premier Dominic Perrottet, who is pressing for a change to the entry rules.

"We had a very good conversation," she said.

One suggestion has been to allow travellers to have a rapid antigen test rather than a PCR test.

"We are happy to get further advice from AHPPC about rapid antigen testing," Ms Palaszczuk said.

For the remainder of the year, however, PCR testing will still be needed to cross the border.

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About 230,000 have entered Queensland from interstate since the border re-opened earlier this month.

A new rule has also come into effect overnight which marks a significant change for people designated as close contacts in Queensland.

From today, fully-vaccinated close contacts will only have to isolate for seven days, as opposed to 14.

Queensland recorded 186 new COVID-19 cases today, up from 79 yesterday.

At least six great white sharks have been spotted in Tauranga on New Zealand's North Island, prompting a warning from the Department of Conservation to remain vigilant.

DOC said reports of great whites have increased since May 2020 and although an estimate of the number of sharks in the area cannot be confirmed, photographs so far have identified six individual great whites.

Photos and video footage will continue to be monitored to determine if sightings are of the six identified or if the area is seeing a steady increase of new marine visitors.

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Marine biologist Melissa Kellett has been studying sharks in Tauranga for five years and says the large number of sightings are not only in the Bowentown area of the Tauranga Harbour but also along the coastline.

"Since May 2020 we have continued to receive reports of great white sharks in the area year-round and spread out through the Tauranga district. The size estimates of these sharks have been between 1.5m-3.5m in length indicating they are primarily juveniles and sub-adults," Ms Kellett said.

DOC marine expert Clinton Duffy said sighting great white sharks in shallower coastal areas and harbours is not unusual and smaller individuals appear to remain in New Zealand coastal waters year-round, making regular excursions up and down the coast and out to the edge of the continental shelf.

"Both the west and east coasts of the top half of the North Island are considered a nursery area for great white sharks in New Zealand," he said.

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"Adult and sub-adult sharks also inhabit shelf waters, but these larger individuals also make large scale oceanic migrations.

"Tagging of sharks at Stewart Island and the Chatham Islands has revealed movements to tropical and sub-tropical regions such as the eastern coast of Australia, Coral Sea, New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Tonga during late summer – early winter for around six months before returning the following year.

"It is now recognised that we have a shared population of great white sharks with eastern Australia, and we are working on an updated population estimate."

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There are about 66 types of sharks found in New Zealand waters, most of them are rarely-seen deep water species, and many are threatened or endangered internationally.

Great white sharks are present around the New Zealand coastline all year round, but most encounters are between December and May as more people head to the beach and white sharks return to New Zealand to feed in coastal waters.

It is common for great whites to develop preferences for certain sites and return regularly and Mr Duffy said if you spot a great white exit the water quickly and calmly and report the sighting to DOC.

"Sharks are predatory animals but do not normally perceive humans as prey and most encounters with white sharks do not result in the shark biting the human," he said.

"If you are visiting the ocean you need to be a little bit vigilant and aware of what's happening around you and swim where there are surf lifesaving patrols, and don't swim or dive alone.

"If you are heading out on the water exercise caution and avoid swimming in the main channels where there are a lot of birds diving, or berleying from kayaks and jet skis when fishing."

Great white sharks are protected under the Wildlife Act 1953 in New Zealand. This means it is illegal to hunt, kill or otherwise harm them.

Other species of shark protected in New Zealand include the basking shark, the oceanic whitetip, the small tooth sandtiger (deepwater nurse shark) and the whale shark.

It's not illegal to accidentally catch a white shark but it must be released without causing it further harm, and it is a legal requirement to report the capture.

This story first appeared on Stuff, and is republished here with permission.

With Christmas just days away, Aussies are being faced with the dilemma of whether to require family and friends to get tested for COVID-19 before attending gatherings.

According to a survey by Rapid Test & Trace Australia, which surveyed 1000 people, 42.6 per cent of Australians plan to ask family and friends to get a COVID-19 test to ensure they can stay safe over the festive period.

The survey found 6.6 per cent Aussies say 'they could never ask them to get a COVID test' and 9.3 per cent say 'they'd like to ask them, but can't.'

LIVE UPDATES: Mass vaccination hubs to ramp back up for boosters

However, majority of Aussies are happy with COVID-19 testing requests, with 66.4 per cent saying they would take a COVID-19 test before visiting family if asked, with only 17.9 per cent refusing to get tested and 15.7 per cent unsure.

Women (52.6 per cent) were more willing to get COVID tests before holiday visits than men (47.4 per cent).

A total of 53.5 per cent of Aussies plan to keep holiday visits close to home, with 31.8 per cent planning 'local' visits and 21.7 per cent planning visits within their own state.

READ MORE: How to have a COVID-safe Christmas

Health experts have encouraged those who are asymptomatic to get a full PCR test or take rapid tests across several days ahead of Christmas plans as an extra precaution.

"What we don't want is for Christmas to be a series of superspreading events that happen in everyone's household," Epidemiologist Professor Nancy Baxter told 9News this week.

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Victoria's COVID-19 Commander Jeroen Weimar said he would take a rapid antigen test as he "wouldn't want to put others at risk".

A series of COVIDSafe guidelines have been published by the Department of Health, advising people to open windows and doors, wear a mask when speaking to people, keep events short and outdoors, and stay away if they have symptoms.

"Avoid crowded indoor venues as much as you can, decrease the time you go there," Infectious diseases physician and microbiologist Professor Peter Collignon told 9News this week.

"Open the windows, keep the doors open. All of those make a difference and if you want to do extra, you can wear a mask."

A fossil of a giant millipede found on a beach in northern England has revealed the "biggest bug that ever lived," palaeontologists say.

The fossil was discovered in January 2018 in a chunk of sandstone that had fallen from a cliff onto the beach at Howick Bay in Northumberland.

The rock had cracked open, revealing the fossil.

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"It was a complete fluke of a discovery," said Neil Davies, a lecturer in sedimentary geology at the University of Cambridge's department of earth sciences, who said the fossil was spotted by a former doctoral student.

"It was an incredibly exciting find, but the fossil is so large it took four of us to carry it up the cliff face," said Dr Davies in a news statement.

The fossilised remains of the creature, named Arthropleura, dated from the Carboniferous Period about 326 million years ago. That's more than 100 million years before the rise of the dinosaurs.

When alive, the creature was estimated to have been 55 centimetres wide and up to 2.63 metres in length, weighing 50 kilograms.

That would make it the largest-known invertebrate of all time – larger than ancient sea scorpions that previously held this title, the statement said.

Invertebrates are animals with no backbone.

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"This is definitely the biggest bug that ever lived," Dr Davies confirmed via email.

It's only the third Arthropleura fossil to have been discovered. The other two were found in Germany and were much smaller than the new specimen.

To get to such a size, they must have eaten a nutritious diet. At that time, Britain lay on the equator, and invertebrates and early amphibians likely lived off the vegetation growing in a series of creeks and rivers.

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The researchers think the fossilised skeleton was likely a moulted segment of exoskeleton that filled with sand, preserving it.

"Finding these giant millipede fossils is rare, because once they died, their bodies tend to disarticulate (separate at the joints), so it's likely that the fossil is a moulted carapace that the animal shed as it grew," said Dr Davies in the statement.

"We have not yet found a fossilised head, so it's difficult to know everything about them," he added.

The research was published in the Journal of the Geological Society.